Chapter 1 - Introducing Psychology

physiological

having to do with an organism's physical processes

cognitive

how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information

psychology

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

hypothesis

A testable prediction, often implied by a theory

theory

A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data

basic science

science that seeks to expand knowledge and understanding regardless of the short-term application of that knowledge

applied science

discovering ways to use scientific findings to accomplish practical goals

scientific Method

A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.

structuralist

a psychologist who studied the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences

introspection

examination of one's own thoughts and feelings

functionalist

a psychologist who studied the function (rather than the structure) of consciousness

psychoanalyst

a psychologist who studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine human behavior

behaviorist

a psychologist who analyzes how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their response to events in the environment

humanist

a psychologist who believes that each person has freedom in directing his or her future and achieving personal growth

cognitivist

a psychologist who studies how we process, store, retrieve, and use information and how cognitive processes influence our behavior

psychobiologist

a psychologist who studies how physical and chemical changes in our bodies influence our behavior

psychologist

A scientist who studies the mind and behavior of humans and animals

clinical psychologist

a psychologist who diagnoses and treats people with emotional disturbances

counseling psychologist

a psychologist who usually helps people deal with problems of living

psychiatry

a branch of medicine that deals with mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders

developmental psychologist

a psychologist who studies the emotional, cognitive, biological, personal, and social changes that occur as an individual matures

educational psychologist

a psychologist who is concerned with helping students learn

community psychologist

a psychologist who may work in a mental health or social welfare agency

industrial/organizational psychologist

behavior in the workplace, effective business practices

experimental psychologists

the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method