What's the levels of organization?
cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
function of mouth
mechanical and chemical digestion
function of pancreas
produces digestive enzymes
function of salivary glands
secretion of lubricating fluid containing enzymes that break down carbohydrates
function of liver
Produces bile, stores glycogen, produces blood plasma proteins and detoxifies substances in blood
function of gall bladder
stores and concentrates bile
function of oesophagus
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
function of small intestine
digestion and absorption of nutrients
function of stomach
Chemical and mechanical digestion of food
function of large intestine
absorption of water
function of rectum
stores faeces before egestion
function of anus
To excrete faeces.
Bronchi
The passages that direct air into the lungs
Bronchioles
smaller branches of the bronchi leading to the alveoli
alveoli
tiny air sacs that is an gas exchange surface of the lungs.
trachea
Allows air to pass to and from lungs
artery
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
vein
A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.
capillary
A tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and the body cells.
Adaptations of an artery
- elastic walls so the can go back to their normal structure - thick muscle walls so that pressure can remain on them-small lumen to keep pressure on the blood
adaptations of vein
- large lumen for lower pressure - thin walls - valves to stop blood backflow
adaptations of capillaries
-1 cell thick- short diffusion distance-narrow lumen
What's a double circulatory system?
- blood goes through twice per complete circuit of the body
pulmonary artery
Carries deoxygentated blood from the heart to the lungs
pulmonary vein
carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
aorta
artery that carries oxygenated blood round the body
Where are pacemaker cells located?
right atrium