pollution

undesired change in air, water, or soil

The Tragedy of the Commons

describes conflicts associated with sharing resources

hunter-gatherer period

humans lived in tribes, using fires to maintain the prairie

developing country

characterized by high population growth rate, extreme poverty

agricultural revolution

plants and animals were domesticated, human populations grew

nonrenewable resources

natural material formed at a much slower rate than it is depleted

developed country

characterized by high personal wealth, and high levels of consumption

ecology

the study of living things and their interaction with their nonliving environments

resource depletion

rate of resource use deletes resources and creates pollution an wastes

Industrial Revolution

society shifted to fossil fuels

All of the following disciplines are major contributors to the field of environmental science EXCEPT

biology & earth sciencechemistry & physicssocial scienceLINGUISTICS & PHYSICS

Most of today's environmental problems began during which period(s).

hunter-gatherer periodAGRICULTURA REVOLUTIONIndustrial RevolutionBoth a and c

agriculture

practice of growing, breeding, and caring for plants and animals used for a variety of purposes

ecology

study of how living things interact with each other and with their nonliving environments

The Tragedy of the Commons

conflict between short-terms interests of individuals and long-term welfare of society

loss of biodiversity

declining number and variety of the species in an area

environmental science

study of how humans interact with the environment

supply and demand

law describing the relationship between an item's availability and its value

developing nation

characterized by low population growth rate, high life expectancy, and diverse industrial economies

sustainability

state in which a human population can survive indefinitely

renewable resource

natural material that can be replaced relatively quickly through natural processes

Which of the following sciences contribute to the field of environmental science?

physics & chemistrybiology & earth sciencesocial sciencesALL OF THE ABOVE

All of the following make up the 3 major categories of environmental problems EXCEPT

loss of biodiversityoverpopulationresource depletionPOLLUTION

During the "Tragedy of the Commons" period in history

human populations grew rapidly because of advances in farming methods

Which major changes in human society and the environment occurred during the Industrial Revolution?

Fossil fuel consumption, technological efficiency, and environmental pollution increased

What did hunter-gathered do to alter the environment?

introduce plant to new regionsoverhunt large mammalsburn prairies to maintain grasslandALL OF THE ABOVE

Developed nations make up what percent of the world's population?

20%

Developed nations consume what percent of the world's resources?

75%

Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons" essay addressed the conflicts associated with which environmental challenge?

curbing overpopulation

The ecological footprint for a person in a particular country takes into account what requirements of supporting that individual?

land used for cropsland taken by housingforest area that absorbs pollutionALL OF THE ABOVE

Attempts to create a sustainable society strive to achieve what?

greater resource consumption

A cost-benefit analysis balances the cost of an action against

what consumers and taxpayers are willing to pay

Environmental science is a study of which types of interactions between humans and the environment?

how humans use natural resourceshow human beings relate to the nonliving environmenthow human actions alter the environmentALL OF THE ABOVE

Which of the following is studied in environmental science?

impact of humans on the environment

Population growth in the 20th century accelerated which environmental stress(es)?

resource depletionpollutionhabitat destructionALL OF THE ABOVE

Why is the world's loss of biodiversity a source of concern?

Humans depend on other organisms for food and oxygen.

Using economic considerations of resource use, the law of supply and demand describes the...

relationship between the availability and the worth of resources.

Listing both the merits and expenses involved in implementing a particular environmental solution is an example of a...

cost-benefit analysis

Compared with their counterparts in developed countries, individuals in developing nations typically have a...

shorter life span

achieving a sustainable world is a goal that will depend on...

1)a higher standard of living in developing countries2)cooperation between governments, industry, and citizens