Organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
cell membrane
A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
cell wall
A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
Chloroplast
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
Nucleus
A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
Ribosomes
Makes proteins (protein synthesis)
Vacuole
a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
Golgi body
A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.
Lysosomes
Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids
active transport
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
passive transport
Requires NO energy, Movement of molecules from high to low concentration, Moves with the concentration gradient
simple diffusion
- net movement of dissolved particles down their concentration gradient
facilitated diffusion
process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
Homeostasis
relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
Osmosis
diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Semi-permeable
characteristic of a cell membrane which allows some molecules to pass through but not others
ATP
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
Eukaryote
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryote
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles