Monomer
A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
Polymer
A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.
Carbohydrates
(sugars), quick energy storage and production, structure, signaling
Saccharide
a simple sugar or combination of sugars; a carbohydrate
Lipid
(fats) wax and fats, protect, long term energy storage, pigments, signaling molecules, essential components
Fatty acid and glycerol
monomers of lipids
Protein
responsible for genetic traits, Act as enzymes and catalyze chemical reactions, transport substances, self defense, structure
Enzymes
increase the rate of chemical reactions
Amino acid
monomer of protein, amino acids link together to make polypeptide (polymer)
Nucleic acid
types- DNA and RNA, makes codes for proteins
Nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acid, form polymers DNA and RNA, made up of 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base, hydrogen bond
Short term energy storage
carbohydrates
Long term energy storage
lipids
Stores and transfers genetic information
nucleic acids
Helps in the transport of materials
protein
Structural support to an organism
protein
Provides insulation and helps create cell membranes
lipids
Quickest form of energy
carbohydrates
Mono, Di, and Polysaccharides
Specific names given to the class of carbohydrates
Carbohydrates monomer and polymer
monomer- monosaccharidespolymer- polysaccharides / disaccharides
dehydration synthesis
lose water and create
hydrolysis reaction
breaks/ cuts water
3 types of monosaccharides
glucose, fructose, galactose
carbs stored as glycogen in liver/muscle
animals
carbs stored as starch in chloroplast
plants
Cellulose
carb, cell walls made up of
starch
carb, plants store energy as
Phospholipids
cell membrane - filters what goes in out of cell
Sterioids
lipid, cholesterol, bodies use these to make hormones
proteins monomer and polymer
monomer- amino acids polymer- polypeptide
lipids monomer and polymer
monomer- fatty acids and glycerol polymer- triglycerides
nucleic acids monomer and polymer
monomer- nucleotidepolymer- DNA/RNA
4 structures of proteins
primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
Carbohydrates examples
sugars, starch, glucose, fructose, galactose, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
Lipid examples
fats, oils, waxes, steroids, cholesterol, vitamins, phospholipids, hormones
Protein examples
Keratin (hair, nails), muscles, silk, nuts, beans, albumin, hemoglobin, insulin, enzymes
Nucliec Acid examples
DNA and RNA