how many vertebrae are there and how many spinal nerves are there?

30 vertebrae31 spinal nerves

How many cervical nerves are there?How many cervical vertebrae are there?

8 nerves7 vertebraeC1 nerve is above C1-vertebraeC8 nerve passes under C7 vertebrae

if you herniate C7/T1 area, which nerve do you damage

T1

where does the spinal cord stop?

L1-L2

filum terminale

fibrous extension of the pia matertethers the spinal cord to the coccyx

Where do we do a lumbar puncture?

L4-L5

where do we get cerebral spinal fluid?

subarachnoid space

know the dermatomes C4-C8, T1-T4, T10

...

Where do parasympathetic nerves originate?

cranial region and sacral S2-4cranio-sacral

Where do sympathetic nerves originate?

T1-L2Thoraco-lumbar region

parasympathetic nervous system has ____ preganglionic and ____ postganglionic (length)

longer preganglionic and shorter postganglionic

sympathietic nervous system has ____ preganglionic and ____ postganglionic (length)

shorter preganglionic and longer postganglionicthought process: sympathetic needs quick and widespread response, so they want to throw out their signal onto a shorter preganglion to disperse to everything quicker

T/F in parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers, preganglionic and postganglionic nerves are all myelinated

FALSEonly pre-ganglionic nerves are myelinated

another name for sympathetic chain ganglia?

paravertebral ganglia

Which ganglia that are associated with the parasympathetic division are named?

only the cervical gangliasuperior, middle, inferior cervical ganglia

which pathway would be utilized by sympathetic fibers to reach blood vessels, sweat glands, and arrector pili muscles within the T1 dermatome?

synapse at the same level and exit via the spinal nerve

which pathway would be utilized by sympathetic fibers to reach blood vessels, sweat glands, and arrector pili muscles within the C3 dermatome?

ascend within the sympathetic chain

which pathway would be utilized by sympathetic fibers to reach viscera?

exit the sympathetic chain without synapsing to reach a prevertebral ganglion

T/F adrenal gland uses sympathetic nervous system and has post-ganglionic fibers

FALSEit does it itself

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers exit the brainstem via which 4 cranial nerves

oculomotor (CN III)facial (CN VII)Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)Vagus (CN X)3, 7, 9, 10

visceral pain can come from what disturbances?

ischemiachemical/mechanical stimulationsudden distensioncramps

how do autonomic visceral afferent pathways go back to the spinal cord?

they usually hitchhike onto the sympathetic/parasympathetic fibers that reach to the associated area.

autonomic visceral afferent pathways above the ______ hitchhike onto the sympathetic pathways

above the pelvic pain line

autonomic visceral afferent pathways below the ______ hitchhike onto the parasympathetic pathways

pelvic pain line i.e. birth canal

what does the superficial radial nerve run under?

brachioradialis

T/F you can flex your fingers in carpal tunnel syndrome

TRUEthe median nerve still supplies innervation to the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundusanterior interosseous also runs above the carpal tunnel