The Human Body: Organ Systems, Regional Terms

Anatomy

The study of body structure

Physiology

The study of body function

Gross Anatomy

large structures, easily observable

Microscopic Anatomy

structures too small to be seen with the naked eye

levels of organization (smallest to largest)

atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

What do atoms do?

combines to form molecules

What are cells made of?

molecules

what do tissues consist of?

similar types of cells

what are organs made up of?

different types of tissues

what is the organ system made up of?

One or more organs that work together

what is an organism made up of?

organ systems

What are the organ systems of the body?

⭐️ integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive

What does the integumentary system do?

• protects the body's internal environment from the external environment• senses pain, pressure, and temperature• regulates body temp• protects deep tissue (from injury)

What does the skeletal system do?

• provides muscle attachment • protects soft-tissue organs such as the ♥︎ + lungs• site of blood cell formation

What does the muscular system do?

• maintains postureproduces heat

What does the nervous system do?

• responsive to internal/external changes • activates muscle + glands

What does the endocrine system do?

• secretes hormones: growth, reproduction, metabolism

What does the cardiovascular system do?

pumps (from ♥︎) and transports blood: Oxygen, CO2, Nutrients, Wastes

What does the lymphatic system do?

Returns fluids that leaked from blood vessels back to blood, cleans blood

What does the respiratory system do?

takes in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide

What does the digestive system do?

• breaks down food• absorbs nutrients

What does the urinary system do?

• eliminates nitrogenous wastes • regulates water + electrolytes

What does the reproductive system do?

produces offspring• 🙆‍♀️ Testes produce SPERM + male hormones • 🙆‍♂️ Ovaries produce EGGS + female hormones

locomotion

the ability to move from place to place