anatomical position
erect, feet forward, arms at side with palms facing forward, head facing forward
coronal plane (frontal plane)
divides body into front and back
sagittal plane (lateral plane)
divides body into left and right
transverse plane (axial plane)
An imaginary line where the body is divided into top and bottom parts.
Anterior (ventral)
front of the body
Posterior (dorsal)
back of body
superior
toward the head
Inferior
away from the head
cranical
head
Caudal
tail
Medial
toward the midline
Lateral
away from the midline
Proximal
Nearer to the trunk of the body
Distal
Farther from the trunk of the body
unilateral
pertaining to one side
bilateral
both sides
Ipsilateral
on the same side of the body as another structure
Contralateral
on the opposite side of the body from another structure
superfical
near the surface
intermediate
between a more medial and a more lateral structure
deep
away from the surface
Flexion
bending a joint
extension
Straightening of a joint
Abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
adducton
Moving a body part towards the midline of the body
internal rotation
Rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body.
external rotation
Rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body.
Supination
movement that turns the palm up
Pronation
turning the palm downward
plantar flexion
bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the ground
Doriflexion
bending the foot up toward the leg