The periodic law states that the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic
...
Period
A horizontal row of elements in the Periodic Table. Elements show trends in properties across a period.
Group
a vertical column in the periodic table that contains elements having similar physical and chemical properties
Metal
A class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity.
Nonmetal
an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
metalloid (semimetal)
an element with properties between those of metals and nonmetals
alkali metals
Group 1, 1 electron in outer level, very reactive, soft, silver, shiny, low density; Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium
alkaline earth metals
metallic elements in group 2 of the periodic table which are harder than the alkali metals and are also less reactive
transition metals
Groups 3-12, 1-2 electrons in the outer energy level, less reactive than alsali-earth metals, shiny, good conductor of thermal energy and electrical current, high density
Halogens
Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive
noble gases
The elements in group 8A of the periodic table.-Colorless-Odorless-Extremely NONREACTIVE
Octect
states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons (the stable electron configuration of a noble gas)
Atomic Radius
one-half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined
ionic radius
Distance from the center of an ion's nucleus to its outermost electron
ionization energy
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom
Electronegativity
the ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound