Nucleus
houses DNA/chromatin and protects it
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
responsible for protein production and transport; the ribosomes make proteins and the ER transports them to the golgi body for modifications
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
manufactures lipids and replacement parts for the plasma membrane; it also plays a role in the breakdown of toxins in larger organisms
Golgi Apparatus
a "gift wrapper"; it modifies proteins, etc. so that they will function correctly
Proteasomes
destroys and breaks down malfunctioning proteins
Lysosomes
engulfs vesicles filled with cellular "trash" (usually proteins) and breaks it down with enzymes; as a result, the enzymes destroy this organelle
Plasma (Cell) Membrane
boundary that separates inner contents from surroundings; controls entry and exit for particles in/out of the cell
Cytoplasm
an area where chemical reactions take place; also houses cell parts
Cytoskeleton
microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments; all of these structures provide structure and support for the cell
Mitochondria
powerhouse of the cell"; performs cellular respiration to create ATP (cellular energy)
Peroxisomes
breaks down/oxidizes amino acids, fatty acids, and peroxide; aids in the breakdown of cellular toxins
Centrosomes/Centrioles
create spindle fibers that allow the cell to pull apart genetic material during cell reproduction
Cilia
short, hairlike projections that are extensions of the cell's plasma membrane; they wave back and forth to move the cell and/or propel objects around the cell in a desired direction
Flagella
a long, whiplike projection of the plasma membrane that is usually used for locomotion
Nuceolus
darkened region of the nucleus that makes ribosomes