front to back
Which of the following is NOT a traditional principle of motor development?- cephalo to caudal- proximal to distal- gross to fine- front to back
landau (24 months)palmar grasp (7 months)
Which of the following reflexes, if present beyond the age listed, suggests that there may be a developmental concern within the CNS? (Select all that apply)- landau (24 months)- ATNR (5 months)- moro (5 months)- palmar grasp (7 months)
difficulty nursing or feeding
An atypical rooting reflex response by an infant younger than 3 months old suggests that the infant may have:- difficulty bonding- intact ability to put pressure through the feet- difficulty nursing or feeding- an intact nervous system
Catching a large ball using both hands and body before catching with one hand away from body
Which progression most closely reflects typical development?- Catching a large ball using both hands and body before catching with one hand away from body- Sitting before rolling over- Skipping before hopping on both feet together- Picking up small pieces of cereal with the tips of the fingers before grabbing with the whole hand
6 months
Righting reactions are emerging and the child can deliberately roll. The child can reach for objects in the prone position and bring their feet to their mouth in the supine position. The child is able to transfer objects from one hand to the other
18 months
Equilibrium reactions are observed as the child begins to walk and practice new motor skills including jumping and kicking. In-hand manipulation skills are emerging for more precise manipulation of objects
12 months
Equilibrium reactions are developing as the child is able to sit independently, crawl, and cruise along furniture. The child is able to grasp smaller objects using a mature pincer grasp and increased fine motor skills allow for greater object manipulation
1 month
Numerous primitive reflexes are observed and the child is unable to maintain positions without support. The child will maintain a firm grasp on objects placed in the palm of the hand. In prone and supine the child is able to turn their head side to side
sitting without support using lateral propping
You are treating Jim, a 12-month-old boy with developmental delays. He is sitting without support using anterior propping. According to developmental theory, which skill would you work on next?- Sitting without support using lateral propping- Skipping- Walking up stairs- Pulling to stand
environmental factors
According to the OTPF 4, context encompasses environmental factors and personal factors. ____________ _____________ are aspects of the physical, social, and attitudinal surroundings where people live
personal factors
__________ ____________ are the background of the person's life and living separate from their current health condition or health state
performance skills
According to the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (OTPF), which term refers to a child's gross motor, fine motor, process, and social interactions?- Performance patterns- Areas of occupation- Client factors- Performance skills
The OTA is supporting the toddler's ability to realize their needs will be met
Which of the following statements most accurately supports the developmental emphasis of working with a mother and her toddler so the mother is able to understand her child's nonverbal cues during different activities?- The OTA is supporting the toddler's realization they can control themselves.- The OTA is supporting the toddler's ability to feel part of the family.- The OTA is supporting the toddler's social skills.- The OTA is supporting the toddler's ability to realize their needs will be met.
social interaction
A child turns in response to his name being called; he questions rules of the game; and he shows that he is having fun while playing the game. What type of performance skills does this illustrate?- Behavioral- Social interaction- Motor- Process
abstract language for debating
You are working with a 9-year-old child to increase their independence in self-care skills. The child you are working with has good vocabulary and language, likely due to their interest in reading. While working with the child you would likely notice the child's ability to use all of the following except:- Abstract language for debating- Jokes based on words with double meanings- Puns and figures of speech- Secret languages with their friends
Something to improve the child's self-regulation and ability to focus on the task
You are working with a child to increase their social interaction skills. The child is overly excited and unable to focus on a toy you know is one of their favorites. What should you do first?- Something to improve the child's self-regulation and ability to focus on the task.- Explain the rules for playing with the toy.- Encouraging communication and gestures if needed to indicate their wants.- The child is just difficult so you should do nothing and continue with your plan.
temperament
As you read the occupational profile for a child for whom you are planning an intervention session, which of the following might you find as a "person" factor?- UNO- Temperament- ACE- Attachment
healthy attachment
As you plan intervention activities for a toddler, you are planning activities for the parent and child to complete together because you understand the significance of ____________ on the child's development.- Growth- Resilience- Separation anxiety- Healthy attachment
the child's interaction style is not a good fit with the demands of the environment.
You are working with a soft-spoken, shy child who needs to give a book report to the class. As the OTA working with the child you have noted ________________.- the child's interaction style is not a good fit with the demands of the environment.- the child should switch schools.- the child will benefit from imitative learning.- the child should use a microphone.
use a new toy after you demonstrate its use
As you play with a young child who has cognitive delays to increase their goal-directed behavior, which of the following are you most likely to encourage first to increase the child's problem solving?- Draw a picture of how they think the new toy will work- Ask the child to think of the best strategy for how to accomplish the goal with the toy- Use the new toy after you demonstrate its use- Let the child use trial and error
onlooker
How would you describe the social participation of a child playing in the mulch at the edge of the playground?- Collaborative- Associative- Imitative- Onlooker
social-emotional learning
_____________________ is a way to increase positive relationships and decision-making.- Social-emotional learning- Goodness-of-fit- Attachment- Problem solving