Monomer
A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
Polymer
large compound formed from combinations of many monomers
Carbohydrate
compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body
Saccharide
a simple sugar or combination of sugars; a carbohydrate
Lipid
macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
Fatty acid and glycerol
monomers of lipids
Protein
macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair
Amino acid
monomer of protein
Nucleic acid
macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
Nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Short term energy storage
carbohydrates
Long term energy storage
lipids
Stores and transfers genetic information
DNA
Helps in the transport of materials
protein
Structural support to an organism
protein
Provides insulation and helps create cell membranes
lipid
Enzymes
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
Quickest form of energy
carbohydrates
Mono, di, poly
one, two, many
Hydrolysis
Adding water to polymers to break them into smaller monomers
Dehydration Synthesis
Removing water from monomers to join them together and make polymers