What is activation energy?
energy needed to start a chemical reaction
How do chemical reactions change substances?
By breaking and forming chemical bonds
Differentiate between reactants and products
Reactants are the substances that react in a chemical change, and the substances formed by the chemical change are the products.
A catalyst increases the __________ ________ by decreasing the ____________ _______
Reaction Rate; Activation Energy
True or False: Enzymes can affect rate of reactions and activation energy.
True
Substances are changed into different substances when _________ break and form during __________ _________
Bonds; Chemical Reactions
What makes carbon unique?
bonding properties
How are monomers and polymers different?
Monomers are small units that join together to make bigger units known as polymers
What are the 4 major macromolecules?
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Which macromolecule includes sugars and starches
carbohydrates
Differentiate between monosaccharides and polysaccharides
Mono-Simple SugarsPoly-Complex Sugars
Which macromolecules include fats, oils, and cholesterol?
Lipids
What are the 2 types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What is the monomer or "building block" of proteins?
Amino Acids
Why are lipids important?
long term energy storage
The names of sugars typically end in what 3 letters?
-ose" Ex: Glucose, Fructose, Sucrose
The names of Enzymes typically end in what 3 letters?
-ase" Ex: Lactase, Amylase, Urease
Proteins are made up of ______ _______ and are held together by ________ bonds
Amino Acids; Peptide
How many amino acids are there?
20
What is another term for protein?
polypeptide
What conditions can affect the shape and function of an enzyme?
Temp. and pH
Enzymes are examples which macromolecule?
proteins