Penicillin G
Pharm: Penicillin, cell wall inhibitorTherapeutic: antibacterial
Augmentin, Unasyn, Zosyn
Compound drugs consisting of a broad spectrum antibiotic and beta lactamase enzyme inhibitor --> inhibits beta lactamases
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol)
Pharm: 1st gen cephalosporin, cell wall inhibitorTherapeutic: antibacterial
Tetracycline (Sumycin)
Pharm: Tetracycline, protein synthesis inhibitorTherapeutic: Antibacterial
Erythromycin (ERYC, Erythrocin)
Pharm: macrolide, protein synthesis inhibitorTherapeutic: Antibacterial
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
Pharm: aminoglycoside, protein synthesis inhibitorTherapeutic: antibacterial
Vancomycin
Pharm: GlycoproteinTherapeutic: Antibacterial
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Pharm: Fluoroquinolone, bacterial DNA inhibitortherapeutic: antibacterial
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)
Pharm: sulfonamide, FA inhibitorTherapeutic: antibacterial
Isoniazid (INH)
Pharm: mycotic inhibitorTherapeutic: antituberculosis
Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
Pharm: polyeneTherapeutic: antifungal (systemic)
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
Pharm: inhibitor of fungal cell membrane synthesisTherapeutic: antifungal
Nystatin (Mycostatin, Nystop)
Pharm: PolyeneTherapeutic: antifungal (superficial)
Chloroquine (Aralen)
Pharm: heme complexing agentTherapeutic: antimalarial
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Pharm: nucleic acid synthesis disruptorTherapeutic: antibacterial + antiprotozoal
Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT)
Pharm: NRTITherapeutic: Antiretroviral
Efavirenz (Sustiva)
Pharm: NNRTITherapeutic: Antiretroviral
Lopinavir w/ Ritonavir (Kaletra)
Pharm: protease inhibitorTherapeutic: Antiretroviral
Maraviroc (Selzentry)
Entry inhibitor - CRR5 antagonist
Dolutegravir (DTG, Tivicay)
Pharm: Integrase inhibitorTherapeutic: Antiviral
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Pharm: Nucleoside analogTherapeutic: Antiherpes
Zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Neuraminidase Inhibitor
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Pharm: Alkylating agentTherapeutic: Antineoplastic
Methotrexate (MTX, Rheumatrex)
Pharm: antimetabolite, folic acid analogTherapeutic: Antineoplastic
Doxorubicin
Pharm: Antitumor antibioticTherapeutic: Antineoplastic
Vincristine (Oncovin)
Pharm: vinca alkaloid, natural productTherapeutic: antineoplastic
Tamoxifen
Pharm: Estrogen Receptor AntagonistTherapeutic: Antineoplastic
Penicillin G
MOA: Beta lactam ring inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
Augmentin, Unasyn, Zosyn
MOA: Overcomes resistance in bacteria that secrete b-lactamase
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol)
MOA: Bactericidal, inhibits cell wall synthesis
Tetracycline (Sumycin)
MOA: Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Erythromycin (ERYC, Erythrocin)
MOA: Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
MOA: Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
MOA: Bactericidal - inhibits enzymes for bacterial DNA synthesis
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)
MOA: Inhibit synthesis of folic acid/folate
Isoniazid (INH)
MOA: Inhibits mycolic acids
Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
MOA: Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membrane causing them to become leaky impairing growth
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
MOA: Interferes with synthesis of ergosterol
Nystatin (Mycostatin, Nystop)
MOA: binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membrane allowing leakage of intracellular contents
Chloroquine (Aralen)
MOA: prevent metabolism of heme, which then builds to toxic levels within parasite
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
MOA: Acts as antiprotozoal drug that also has antibiotic activity against anaerobic bacteria
Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT)
MOA: Virus mistakenly uses zidovudine as nucleoside, thus creating defective DNA strand, slows growth of HIV
Efavirenz (Sustiva)
MOA: Targets enzyme needed for reverse transcriptase; Binds directly to reverse transcriptase, disrupting enzyme's active site
Lopinavir w/ Ritonavir (Kaletra)
MOA: Inhibits HIV protease via chemical scissors
Maraviroc (Selzentry)
MOA: Blocks CCR5 - prevents binding and thus entry (CRR receptor is required)
Dolutegravir (DTG, Tivicay)
MOA: blocks stand transfer of retroviral DNA which interrupts HIV replication cycle
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
MOA: prevents viral DNA synthesis
Zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
MOA: Block neuraminidase
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
MOA: changes structure of DNA in cancer cells
Methotrexate (MTX, Rheumatrex)
MOA: disrupts cancer cell pathways, blocks folic acid synthesis
Doxorubicin
MOA: inhibits cell growth through cytotoxicity
Vincristine (Oncovin)
MOA: kills cancer cells in M- phase
Tamoxifen
MOA: blocks estrogen on breast cancer cells
Penicillin G
Indicated: Strep, Pneumonia, Staph
Augmentin, Unasyn, Zosyn
Indicated: Synergistic effect
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol)
Indicated: gram + bacteria, respiratory tract infection, UTI, skin, biliary tract, bones, joints (NOT effective for MRSA)
Tetracycline (Sumycin)
Indicated: BS against gram + and - bacteria - Rocky mountain spotted fever, typhus, cholera, lyme disease, peptic ulcers from H.Pylori and chlamydial infections
Erythromycin (ERYC, Erythrocin)
Indicated: mostly gram + bacteria, gonorrhea, skin infections
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
Indicated: MRSA, severe UTI, respiratory, nervous, or GI infections, mostly gram - bacteria
Vancomycin
Indicated: C-diff, resistant staph aureus, surgical prophylaxis in PCN allergy pts with hx of MRSA
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Indicated: UTI, pneumonia, skin, bone, and joint infections
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)
Indicated: UTI, pneumocystis carinii in AIDs pts, lower respiratory tract infections, otitis media, prostatitis, gonorrhea
Isoniazid (INH)
Indicated: TB, chemoprophylaxis
Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
Indicated: systemic fungal infections
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
Indicated: fungal infections in CNS, bone, eyes, urinary tract, respiratory tract, prophylaxis of fungal infections in AIDS and immunosuppressed pts
Nystatin (Mycostatin, Nystop)
Indicated: Candida infections of intestines, vagina, skin, mouth
Chloroquine (Aralen)
Indicated: malaria treatment and prophylaxis, fever
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Indicated: amebiasis (parasitic infection of the intestines/colon)
Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT)
Indicated: Combo therapy for HIV
Efavirenz (Sustiva)
Indicated: Combo therapy for HIV
Lopinavir w/ Ritonavir (Kaletra)
Indicated: Combo therapy for HIV - preferred drug for initial treatment
Maraviroc (Selzentry)
Indicated: HIV
Dolutegravir (DTG, Tivicay)
Indicated: HIV
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Indicated: Herpes
Zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Indicated: Influenza n/v/d, HA, abdominal
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Indicated: Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, breast and ovarian cancer
Methotrexate (MTX, Rheumatrex)
Indicated: choriocarcinoma, osteogenic sarcoma, leukemias, head & neck, breast, lung ca
Doxorubicin
Indicated: Solid tumors
Vincristine (Oncovin)
Indicated: Hodgkins and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, bladder and breast ca
Tamoxifen
Indicated: reproductive related cancers
Penicillin G
S/E: n/v/d, hypersensitivity, allergies
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol)
S/E: similar to PCN + superinfection and C-diff
Tetracycline (Sumycin)
S/E: n/v/d, abdominal cramp, gas, phototoxicity
Erythromycin (ERYC, Erythrocin)
S/E: superinfections, n/v/d, abdominal pain
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
S/E: rash, n/v, fatigue
Vancomycin
S/E: Red man syndrome, SJS, hearing loss, renal issues, phlebitis
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
S/E: n/v/d
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)
S/E: Crystalluria
Isoniazid (INH)
S/E: Hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity
Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
S/E: Phlebitis, nephrotoxicity, cardiac arrest, ototoxicity
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
S/E: mostly well tolerated, rare hepatotoxicity
Nystatin (Mycostatin, Nystop)
S/E: Topical: minor skin irritation, dermatitis. Oral: n/v/d
Chloroquine (Aralen)
S/E: CNS, cardiovascular toxicity, retinal toxicity
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
S/E: Metallic taste, rare myelosuppression
Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT)
S/E: blood toxicity, anemia, neutropenia, anorexia, n/d, fatigue, generalized weakness
Efavirenz (Sustiva)
S/E: general well tolerated - but can see sleep disorders, delusions, dizziness, rash, hepatotoxicity
Lopinavir w/ Ritonavir (Kaletra)
S/E: n/v/d, dyspepsia, fatigue, HA - hyperglycemia, lipodystrophy, pancreatitis
Maraviroc (Selzentry)
S/E: cough, dizziness, rash, orthostatic hypotension, fever
Dolutegravir (DTG, Tivicay)
S/E: insomnia, fatigue, headache/hypersensitivity , hepatotoxicity, high triglycerides, neuropsychiatric events - depression, suicidal ideations, anxiety
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
S/E: nephro and neurotoxicity possible when IV
Zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
S/E: n/v/d, HA, abdominal pain, neuropsych, SJS, renal failure
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
S/E: myelosuppression, thrombocytopenia, n/v, anorexia, diarrhea, alopecia, hemorrhagic cystitis, n/v
Methotrexate (MTX, Rheumatrex)
S/E: myelosuppression, hemorrhage and bruising, low PLTs, n/v/d, GI ulcers and bleeding
Doxorubicin
S/E: red colored urine, cardiotoxicity , myelosuppression, low blood counts, n/v
Vincristine (Oncovin)
S/E: nervous system toxicity, paresthesia, peripheral neuropathy, muscular weakness, loss of neural reflexes, pain, paralytic ileus, constipation, alopecia, bronchospasm
Tamoxifen
S/E: less cytotoxic than other cancer drugs, n/v, hot flashes, fluid retention, vaginal discharge
Penicillin G
ROUTE OF ADMIN: IV, IM
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: IV, IM
Tetracycline (Sumycin)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: PO, topical, IM, IV
Erythromycin (ERYC, Erythrocin)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: PO, IV, rectal
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: IV, IM
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: PO, oral, IV, eye and ear drops
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: PO, IV
Isoniazid (INH)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: PO, IM
Nystatin (Mycostatin, Nystop)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: PO, topical
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: PO, IV
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: Topical, PO, IV
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
ROUTE OF ADMIN: PO, IV
Penicillin G
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: severe renal disease
Augmentin, Unasyn, Zosyn
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: geriatrics or pt with renal impairment, may decrease effectiveness of PO contraceptives, acidic or grapefruit juice, don't mix with aminoglycoside
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: pts who are allergic to PCN
Tetracycline (Sumycin)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: Causes photosensitivity. Toxic to fetus - avoid pregnancy, dairy, iron, Mg, antacid
Erythromycin (ERYC, Erythrocin)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: antacids, bradycardia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesaemia, hepatic or renal dysfunction, lactation
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: otoxic, nephrotoxic, neuromuscular blockade effects
Vancomycin
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: otoxic, nephrotoxic, avoid Dramamine and renal excreted drugs
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: antacids, mineral supplements
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: severe renal and liver disease
Isoniazid (INH)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: alcohol, antacids, pts with severe hepatic disease
Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: immunocompromised pts
Tamoxifen
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: fertility sometimes affected
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: alcohol
Nystatin (Mycostatin, Nystop)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: not use superficial antifungals intravaginally during pregnancy, caution with lactating pts
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: 1st trimester of pregnancy, alcohol (disulfiram reaction)
Lopinavir w/ Ritonavir (Kaletra)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: No driving or hazardous activities, other drugs
Dolutegravir (DTG, Tivicay)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: pts with CDK and hepatic impairment
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: Avoid sun&crowds, hepatic or renal impairment, steroid therapy, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
Methotrexate (MTX, Rheumatrex)
CAUTIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS: C/I in pregnancy and must avoid for at least 6 months after treatment, avoid sun, avoid inhaling particles
Penicillin G
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: poor PO absorption
Augmentin, Unasyn, Zosyn
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Increase fluids
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: tx = 10 days, IV given over 30-35 mins, Cef (Ceph)-The Giant
Tetracycline (Sumycin)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Full glass of H20, short half life requires 4x/day dosing, store away from light, monitor BUN/ALT/AST
Erythromycin (ERYC, Erythrocin)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: 5-7 day tx perio
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Monitor BUN, I&O, Cr, "I can't see, I can't hear, I can't pee", it's a "SIN" to give Gentamicin".
Vancomycin
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: monitor peaks and troughs!
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Take with food
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: take with H20, monitor BUN and liver functions, drink plenty of H20
Isoniazid (INH)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: 6 months tx period (2 intensive, 4 continuation phase), multidrug therapy common, take on empty stomach 1 hr after or 2 hrs before meals, monitor liver enzymes, monitor for s/s of neurotoxicity, Rifampin - reddish orange body fluids
Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: infuse slowly to prevent cardiac collapse, premedicate w/ APAP, corticosteroids, and/or antihistamine, HOLD if BUN >40 or Cr >3 . MUST Premedicate!"AmphoTERIcin causes TERror on the body", "AmphoTERrible
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Teach to report GI effects, high risk for dehydration and malnutrition, maintain food diary, monitor blood glucose in DM ptsFluconazole rhymes with ergosterol and "Fungus in your azole
Nystatin (Mycostatin, Nystop)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: For oral candidiasis: apply w/ swab to affected areas in infant. For adult with oral candidiasis: swish for at least 2 minutes
Chloroquine (Aralen)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Can be given with food, resistance is common, used prophylactically two weeks prior and 4-6 after travel
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: ER must be swallowed whole and on empty stomachIntoxicated guy punches you in stomach and yells "Die, disulfiram, Die!" --> tachy, SOB, flushing, nausea, headache. I raised my Flagyl flag to surrender
Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: 1st line drug in initial pharmacotherapy
Efavirenz (Sustiva)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: often given with another antiretroviral to reduce viral resistanceMonitor viral load, CD4, CBC, liver and renal profiles, and blood glucose levels, nutritional status. Assess for myelosuppression, nephrotoxicity, and SJS. Neutropenic precautions. Encourage strict compliance. "Structured Treatment Interruption" - Drugs may be periodically stopped to give immune system a chance to respond. AVOID crowds and sick people, and raw foods
...
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Teach pt to report fevers, s/s of hepatotoxicity; monitor lab work, Teach pt to report fevers, s/s of hepatotoxicity; monitor lab work, Monitor for nephrotoxicity, Encourage strong infection control measuresShort 1/2 life, PO 5x/day
Zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: MUST start within 48 hrs of symptom onset - will shorten duration of symptoms by 2 days
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Hydrate! drink 2-3L of water/day+urinate frequently, IV hydration prior to tx, maintain nutrition, monitor RBC, WBC, PLT, strict infection control measures, blood dyscrasias, assess skin integrity, hearing loss, teach pt re: impact on fertility
Methotrexate (MTX, Rheumatrex)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: monitor photosensitivity, lung inflammation, good oral hygiene, monitor for extravasation, sun protective measure
Doxorubicin
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: monitor for extravasation, s/s of cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, secondary lesions 1-3 yrs later, access pregnancy/lactation status, Avoid skin exposure to drug(wear gloves, mask, apron)
Vincristine (Oncovin)
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: Assess allergies,may produce acute bronchospasm and skin rashes, inquire if pregnant or breastfeeding, combating constipation, High fluid and fiber intake, Monitor BP, Observe patients for symptoms such as headache, dizziness, or syncope, May produce severe mental depression
Tamoxifen
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: assess for pregnancy and breastfeeding, teach about development of cross gender sexual characteristics, offer support and be frank