Goals of Psychology
describe, explain, predict, influence
who created the first psychology lab?
Wilhelm Wundt
16th-18th Centuries were called the Age of ___
enlightenment
Dualism
the concept that the mind and body are separate and distinct
Sample
Random- A randomly selected group chosen for the purpose of collecting dataStratified- ensures subgroups of a population are accurately represented
Physiological behavior
Sleep and hunger, observable
Cognitive behavior
Private mental thoughts
Rene Descartes
Believed there was a link between mind and body. He believed the mind controlled the body's movements, sensations, and perceptions.
Naturalistic observation
Watching humans and/ or animals without disturbance.
Case studies
intensive study of a person/ group by observing diaries, tests, interviews
surveys
Gather data from large number easily which decreases the chance of outside influences
longitudinal study
group of people and studied at regular intervals over a long time
cross-sectional study
data is collected about differing groups so it can be compared.
Correlations
How 2 sets of data compare1) Positive 2) Negative
self-fulfilling prophecy
a belief that leads to its own fulfillment
placebo effect
a change based on the patient's knowledge and perception of treatment
Single-blind experiment
participants are unaware of which participants received the treatment
Double-blind experiment
an experiment in which neither the experimenter nor the participants know which participants received which treatment
Psychiatrists
medicine related, can prescribe and operate
clinical psychologist
helps people deal with personal problems (therapist)
counseling psychologists
advise and assist people with problems of everyday life
dvelopmental psychology
studies physical, emotional, cognitive, and social changes
educational psychology
helping students learn
community psychology
helps design, run, or evaluate a mental health clinic
industrial psychologist
study the behavior of people in organizations
Experimental Psychologists
perform research to understand how humans and animals operate physically and psychologically.
Milgram experiment
an experiment devised in 1961 by Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, to see how far ordinary people would go to obey a scientific authority figure