Clinical formulation
Theoretically based explanation or conceptualization of the info obtained from a clinical assessment; offers a hypothesis about the cause and nature of the presenting problems and is used to develop the treatment plan
Neurodevelopmental formulation
Underlying neurodevelopmental process from the genetic core to the surface symptoms and attempt to explain the ongoing process underlying brain/body development in a way that lends itself to biomedical and penetrating psychosocial interventions
What renders the brain vulnerable
Neuro developmental lesions
Neurodevelopmental theory for mental disorder
Preexisting developmental brain abnormalities interact with later genetically or environmentally mediated processes
Phenotypes
Represent full picture of the expression of individuals gene given the environment
Epigenetics
Study of how the environment can influence gene expression
Developmental processes
Synaptogenesis, pruning, myelination, neuromodulators, gene expression
Oxidative stress
Imbalance between ROS and ability to detoxify and/or repair damage
Hits for neurodevelopmental disorder etiology
First hit: genetic neurodevelopmental vulnerabilitySecond hit: environmental stressor and interaction between the twoThird hit: restricted development
Neurodevelopmental intervention benefits
Build resilience in metabolic pathways, improve environmental interaction, enhance developmental progression, prevent/intervene early in less healthy pathways, protect through high risk periods, promote/create healthy Neurodevelopmental
Level 4 based interventions
Behavioral, psychotherapy
Level 3 based interventions
Pharmacotherapy
Level 2 based interventions
Biomedical, nutraceutical
Level 1 based interventions
Genetic (CRISPR)