Siddhartha Gautama
The founder of Buddhism
Jesus
The founder of Christianity
Abraham
The founder of Judaism
Muhammad
The founder of Islam
Bible
The holy text (book) of Christianity
Torah
The holy text (book) of Judaism
Quran (Koran)
The holy text (book) of Islam
Monotheism
The belief in only one god that is a foundation of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam
Four Noble Truths
The basic beliefs about life and suffering that form the foundation of Buddhism
Eightfold Path
In Buddhism, the basic rules of behavior and practices which lead to an end of suffering (nirvana)
Asoka
Religious missionaries who spread Buddhism throughout Asia
Enlightenment
in Buddhism, a state of perfect knowledge or wisdom in which one understands the basic truths about the universe
Reincarnation
The rebirth of the soul in a new body which is a basic belief of Hinduism
Karma
In Hinduism, the belief that actions in this life (whether good or bad) will decide your place in the next life
Five Pillars
The fundamental practices of Islam which involve faith, prayer, giving, fasting, and a pilgrimage to Mecca
Mecca and Medina
The two holy cities of Islam
Aztec Empire
A powerful Central American empire located in present-day Mexico
Inca Empire
A powerful South American empire located in present-day Chile and Peru
Ottoman Empire
A Muslim empire located in present-day Turkey, SE Europe, and Northern Africa that lasted from the 1300's to 1922
Mughal Empire
A powerful Muslim empire located in present-day India from the 1500's to the 1700's
Qing (Manchu) Dynasty
A powerful empire located in present-day China that lasted from 1644 to 1912
Tokugawa Shogunate
A powerful empire located in present-day Japan from 1603 to 1867
Songhai Empire
A powerful empire located in West Africa from the 1400's to 1591
Silk Road
An ancient trade route in Asia that connected China to the Mediterranean Sea (Europe)
Trans-Saharan Trade
An ancient trade route in northern Africa that exchanged primarily gold and salt
Timbuktu
City that was the center of trade along the Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Constantinople
Capital city of the Byzantine Empire, which was captured by the Ottomans in 1453 (and renamed Istanbul)
Hagia Sophia
Catholic Church in the city of Constantinople that was converted to a mosque by the Ottoman Empire
Shogun
The supreme military commander of Japan
Isolation
A policy of non-participation in international economic and political relations that was followed by China and Japan in the 1500s
Foreign Enclaves
Special trading locations in China that reduced the amount of interaction between the Chinese people and Europeans
Taj Mahal
A mausoleum (tomb) built by the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan to honor his wife