ligament
derived from Latin ligamentum; sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bones; attaches bone to bone
cardi/o
derived from kardia; pertaining to the heart
tendon
derived from tendo; fibrous band that connects muscle to bone or other structures
gene
derived from Greek genos; race, kin
nerve
modern term for Latin nervus; bundle of neurons that bear electrical messages to the organs and muscles of body
-tomy or -ectomy
suffix; cutting or incision
aer/o
air, gas
cancer
Greek karkinos
Hippocrates
Greek physician; "father of medicine"; wrote Hippocratic Oath
Hippocratic Oath
oath taken by medical students swearing to practice medicine in an ethical way
artery
derived from arteria; thick-walled blood vessel that, in systemic circulation, carries oxygenated blood away from the heart
vein
derived from Latin vena; any of various blood vessels carrying deoxygenated blood toward the heart, except the pulmonary vein
cell
derived from cella
sinus
Hollow cavity, especially either of two cavities on the sides of the nose; Space between the lactiferous ducts and the nipple.
hernia
abnormal protrusion of tissue through muscle that contains it
400 B.C, Roman conquered Greece
knowledge and language merged...1. medical records began written by hand -> books, terms, illustrations2. spread of medical thoughts and ideas
gynecology
Medical speciality that diagnoses and treats disorders of the female reproductive system
gynec/o
woman
-o/logy
study of
hepatitis
inflammation or disease of the liver
pulmonary
relating to the lungs
bilateral
Relating to both sides of the body
What were the first languages of medicine?
Greek and Latin
Eponyms
terms coined from the names of people
hyperthermia
increased temperature
osteoarthritis
arthritis with loss of cartilage
metastasis
Spread of a cancer from a localized area
splenomegaly
enlarged spleen
femoral
pertaining to the thigh
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
osteoma
bone tumor
anesthesia
loss of feeling or sensation
polyuria
excessive urination
root
basic meaning of a word
dent
tooth
gastr/o
stomach
laryng
larynx
rhin/o
nose
prefix
beginning of a word, modifies meaning
peri-
surrounding, around, near
suffix
end of word, word root that modifies meaning
-oid
like or resembling
How do you combine words?
Prefix + Word Root + Suffix
pericolic
around the colon
dentalgia
tooth pain / toothache
dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
hepatomegaly
enlarged liver
hypotension
Chronic condition of below normal (low) blood pressure
epigastric
Area of the body immediately above stomsch
Phlebotomy
drawing blood from a vein via a small incision; small puncture into a vein, usually to draw blood or inject a solution; insertion of a needle into a vein usually for the purpose of extracting a blood sample
retroperitoneum
space behind the peritoneal lining and the posterior abdominal wall
disinfection
The act of disinfecting
combining vowel
connects roots to suffixes and roots to other roots, cardi/ "O"*if the suffix begins with a vowel, combining vowel is not necessary
-ist
one who studies or specializes in
neur
nerve
en-
inside
cephal
head
-itis
inflammation
tonsil
throat tissue
ather/o
plaque; fatty substance (inside of a blood vessel)
blast/o
immature cell
calc/o; calci/o
calcium
chondrio, chondro
cartilage, grainy, gritty
chyl/o
chyle, a digestive juice
chym/o
chyme, semifluid production of chyme in the stomach
cyst/o, cysti
bladder, cyst, cystic duct
cyt/o
cell
ethm/o
ethmoid bone
gluc/o
glucose
hydr/o
hydrogen, water
ket/o, keton/o
ketone; acetone
lip/o
fat (outside of a blood vessel)
nucle/o
nucleus
plasma, plasmo
formative; plasma
salping/o
tube
sider/o
iron
somat/o
body
squam/o
scale, squamous (meaning scaly)
syring/o
tube