costochondritis
inflammation and irritation of the costochondral joints, resulting in localized chest pain
cavitation
gases dissolved in the fluid become less soluble, and they form bubbles
tmj disorders
a result of alternations in the ligaments that secure the joint, causing progressive internal displacement of the articular disc
dislocation
a joint injury in which articulating bones have been separated
shoulder separation
refers to a dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint
subluxation
refers to an incomplete dislocation, in which the contact between the bony joint surfaces is altered, but they are still in partial contact
fracture of the femoral neck
fractured hip, when the femoral neck breaks, the pull of the lower limb muscles causes the leg to rotate laterally and shorten by several inches
intertrochanteric fractures
occur distally to or outside the hip articular capsule; fracture line runs between the greater and lesser trochanters
subcapital fractures
occur within the hip articular capsule, very close to the head of the femur itself
avascular necrosis
the death of bone tissue due to lack of blood
arthritis
a group of inflammatory or degenerative diseases of joints that occur in various forms
gouty arthritis
urate crystals accumulate in the blood, synovial fluid, and synovial membranes; begins with attack on single joint, and later progresses to other joints; eventually causes fusion between surfaces of the bones
osteoarthritis
bone rubs against bones causing abrasions on the bony surface
rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system targets its own tissues for attack
joint replacement
removing the damaged cartilage and joint surface and then a metal or plastic prosthetic is implanted to replace the joint surface
ankylosis
stiffening of a joint due to the union of fibers or bones across the joint as the result of a disease
arthralgia
joint-associated pain that is not usually inflammatory
arthroplasty
construction of an artificial joint to provide relief from or to correct advanced degenerative arthritis
bursitis
inflammation of bursa
chondromalacia patellae
softening of the articular cartilage of the patella; sometimes considered a subtype of patellofemoral syndrome
rheumatism
any one of the various conditions exhibiting joint pain or other symptoms of articular origin; often associated with muscular or skeletal system problems
synovitis
inflammation of the synovial membrane of a joint