A hypothesis is proven but not supported. (T/F)
False
When designing experiments, the experimental group is the group in which there is no manipulation of the variable. (T/F)
False
An idea is scientifically valid only if it can be tested or revised. (T/F)
True
Science is a way of thinking that involves texting possible answers to ALL questions. (T/F)
False
Pseudoscience uses scientific appearances to mislead. (T/F)
True
A good scientist should not let his/her biases get in the way of their experiments. (T/F)
True
Non-scientists can test their hypothesis directly and often establish cause and effect relationship. (T/F)
False
Science is limited by the ability of people to figure out how the natural world works (T/F)
True
Although the idea may be valid, it is not science if it cannot be tested and revised. (T/F)
True
The scientific method can only be applied to questions that have a naturalistic and factual base. (T/F)
True
Pseudoscience is a practice that uses true findings to sell a product and show that the product is validated by science. (T/F)
False
Deductive reasoning draws conclusions from premises. (T/F)
True
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (T/F)
True
A hypothesis is always illogical. (T/F)
True
The Latin phrase non sequitur means that the conclusion does not follow from the premises made. (T/F)
True
Metabolic processes are all the chemical reactions and associated energy changes that take place within an organism. (T/F)
True
List the order of the Scientific Method.
A. Observation- ask questions - form a hypothesis- review- draw conclusions- test hypothesis
B. Form a hypothesis- ask questions- observation- test hypothesis- review- draw conclusions
C. Observation- form hypothes
D. Observation- ask questions- form a hypothesis- test hypothesis- draw conclusions- review
The Scientific method involves systematic thought and includes:
A. Deductive reasoning only
B. Deductive and inductive reasoning
C. Inductive reasoning only
D. a philosophy based in metaphysical naturalism
B. Deductive and inductive reasoning
One can test a hypothesis by:
A. Experimentation
B. Historical Information
C. Observations from the natural world
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Identify the fallacy of logic in either of these arguments: "There is no need to understand Rev. Smith's objections to evolution because he is a biblical fundamentalist anyway." OR "There is no need to understand Dr. Jones' objections to religion because
A. ad hominem
A __________ is a widely accepted, plausible, general statement about fundamental concepts in science that explain why things happen
A. Law B. Hypothesis C. Theory D. community
C. Theory
Which of these is not an assumption scientists make when employing the scientific method?
A. There are specific causes for events observed in the natural word
B. Some causes for events in nature can't be observed
C. What one person observes can be observe
B. Some causes for events in nature can't be observed
The following statement is an example of what type of logical fallacy?"Chicken poo is a wonder drug! My mother's cancer went into remission after she ate 3 pellets a day for a month"
A. ad hominem B. ad populum C. post hoc, ergo propter hoc D. false dicho
C. post hoc, ergo propter hoc
Energy is defined as _______?
A. The process of growth in an organism. B.The way in which organisms react to their surroundings.
C. The ability of an organism to do work. D.Chemical reactions and changes within an organism.
C. The ability of an organism to do work.
Generative processes are ________?
A. Activities that increase the size of an organism. B. Activities that increase the amount of organisms.
C. Neither A or B D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
Which is a process in the scientific method?
A. Pray over your experiment
B. Make sure your conclusion states that your hypothesis is correct
C. Forming a Hypothesis
D. Publishing your conclusions in the New York Times
C. Forming a Hypothesis
Who had essentially the same ideas as Darwin but added a teleological (purpose filled) goal that all creatures were aiming towards?
A. Wallace
B. Lyell
C. Paley
D. Lamarck
A. Wallace
In which field do people continually challenge and test principles to determine cause/effect relationships?
A. Astronomy
B. Philosophy
C. Art
D. Physics
E. Both A and D
E. Both A and D
What is the term that describes an end point which appears to have had a purpose or direction?
A.Teleology B.Pseudoscience C.Teleography D. Teleonomy
B.Pseudoscience
Nutrient uptake, nutrient processing, and waste elimination are all a part of:
A. Generative processes
B. Metabolic processes
C. Responsive processes
D. Homeostasis
B. Metabolic processes
Which processes allow organisms to react to their surrounding?
A. generative processes
B. responsive processes
C. control processes
D. metabolic processes
B. responsive processes
Which of these is an example of a cause-and-effect relationship?
A. Moisture causes mold
B. Learning causes people to become liberals
C. Lightning causes thunder
D. Cold temperatures cause trees to drop their leaves
C. Lightning causes thunder
Which question could be explained through the design of an experiment?
A. What motivates a cat to hunt?
B. If given a choice between mice and canned cat food, which would cats choose?
C. Why did the cat kill the mouse?
D. Did the cat like the taste of the
A. What motivates a cat to hunt?
Louis Pasteur's theory that microorganisms cause disease and decay led to the development of:
A. Food- preservation method know as pasteurization B. Vaccinations against typhoid
C. Vaccinations against rabies D. a & b E. a & c
E. a & c
Which of the following professionals would be most qualified to answer and discuss a question about child behavior?
A. a pediatrician
B. an engineer
C. a psychologist
D. an actor
E. A mother
C. a psychologist
What is a widely accepted, plausible, general statement about fundamental concepts in science that explain why things happen?
A. deductive reasoning B. inductive reasoning C. theory D. scientific law
C. theory
Metaphysical naturalism basically says that nature is all there is. (T/F)
True
Survival of the fittest" is a very accurate phrase used to describe evolution by natural selection. (T/F)
False
Darwin's hypothesis stated that "the characteristics that allow for more reproduction in a particular environment are inherited by the next generation." (T/F)
True
Thinking critically allows us to make decisions based only on subjective information. (T/F)
False
If an idea is not scientific and/or not testable, then it is wrong. (T/F)
False
If I have a logical chain of argument to my hypothesis, then the argument is valid even if the initial premise was not verifiable. (T/F)
False
Malthus' theory includes evolution by natural selection (analogy to artificial selection). (T/F)
False
There should be independent confirmation of the facts when possible. (T/F)
True
Darwin's hypothesis states that "The characteristics which allow for more variation in a particular environment are inherited by the next generation." (T/F)
False
An idea may be valid, but it is not science unless it can be tested and revised. (T/F)
True
A theory is a new untested idea about something. (T/F)
False
The theological concepts of "Soul" and "God's love" can be considered valid but they are not scientifically testable. (T/F)
True
Darwin coined the phrase "survival of the fittest." (T/F)
False
Aristotle believe in the inheritance of acquired characteristics and evolution by natural selection. (T/F)
False
The purpose of the stories in the bible are to . . .
a. learn about history of the universe b. learn about science of the universe
c. learn about spiritual truths d. learn the ages of rocks
e. all of the above
c. learn about spiritual truths
What is the key theme in biology?
a. Evolution
b. Darwin
c. Flashlights
d. Theory
a. Evolution
The scientific method requires systematic thought that is:
a. deductive and inductive b. relative and non-relative c. testable and reliable d. provable & visible
a. deductive and inductive
All of the following are valid approaches to "doing science" EXCEPT:
a. appealing to expertise
b. peer reviewed publications
c. ancient wisdom
d. controlled studies
c. ancient wisdom
The following quote: "Religious truth and scientific truth must ultimately be in harmony" belongs to:
a. Dr. Brannan b. Aristotle c. Darwin d. Pope John Paul II
d. Pope John Paul II
Which is NOT an observation made by Darwin?
a. organisms produce more offspring than survive to reproduce; the environment cannot support them all
b. individual members of a species show variation from one another and this variation is inherited
c. the ch
c. the characteristics desired by an individual to allow for more reproduction can be inherited by the next generation
Scientific theories:
a. which are supported by experimentation provide useful frameworks for prediction and explanation.
b. are absolute and unchangeable.
c. can be modified if new data become available.
d. both A and C.
d. both A and C.
Which one of these is NOT a fallacy of logic
a. Claiming the following: "We must fund basic research better to enable science to continue."
b. Being amazed that people in a particular neighborhood are of average intelligence.
c. Asking a question where yo
c. Asking a question where you don't know the answer.
Non-sequitur is Latin for what?
a. Not in sequence b. It does not follow c. Not a serious question d. A cartoon strip
b. It does not follow
Under the rules of skeptical thinking, arguments about whether neurobiological experiments should proceed are best determined by whom?
a. The US President who claims the experiments have ethical issues dictating studies should not be done
b. A Nobel Prize
c. Arguments from neurobiologists regarding whether or not experiments should be done
Which of the following are tests of natural selection theory?
a. Fossil Record
b. Biogeography
c. Molecular Homology
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
Paley
Complexity = design, inferring Designer
Aristotle
Nature of the object existing in advance of the actual animal or plant
Lamarack
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
Wallace
Same basic ideas as Darwin but teleological
Darwin
Evolution by Natural Selection
Malthus
Limited resources for a population
Lyell
Geology explained by uniformitarianism and ancient age of the Earth
Science requires _________ explanations based on data detectable with the ________ ________.
Naturalistic, 5, Senses
________ __________ ties Darwin's three observations together.
Natural Selection
An ad hominem is a logical fallacy that attacks the ________, rather than the argument itself.
person or arguer.
When constructing a hypothesis, it must be________________ so that it may provide a possible answer to a question or an explanation for an observation.
Testable
____________ are activities that result in an increase in the size of an organism--growth--or an increase in the number of individuals in a population.
Generative processes