False
The majority of water in the human body is found in the blood plasma
Exudate
Refers to a plasma derived fluid that contains high levels of proteins and many blood cells (leukocytes and platelets); this fluid is typical of inflammation
Transudate
Refers to a plasma derived fluid that contains moderate levels of protein and few blood cells; this fluid is typical of many types of edema
Bulk flow
Is the most important process involving fluid exchanges between the plasma and interstitial fluids
Transudation
May result in pitting edema
Hyperemia
Causes the reddened cheeks in a person who is blushing
Thoracic duct
Returns lymph draining from the legs and most of the abdominal cavity to the cardiovascular system
Edema
___ refers to an excess of fluid in the interstitial spaces or body cavities, i.e. A fluid imbalance favoring ultrafiltration over reabsorption
Ascites
____ refers to fluid accumulation in the peritoneum
Hydropericardium
___ refers to fluid accumulation in the pericardium
Hydrothorax
___ refers to fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity
Anasarca
___ refers to a generalized edema of the body
Hyperemia
____ refers to increased blood flow to an organ or tissue; it denotes accumulation of blood in the peripheral circulation
Lymphedema
____ occurs when lymphatics become blocked so lymphatic pressure rise and force lymph back out into the interstitial space
Periorbital
____ edema refers to fluid accumulation in the tissues surrounding the eyes and eye sockets
Pulmonary
___ edema refers to fluid accumulation in the alveoli of the lungs
Oncotic edema
A type of edema caused by a decreased concentration of plasma proteins, which therefor extort lower osmotic pressure in the plasma
Obstructive edema
The type of edema seen when filariae worms colonize the lymphatic vessels causing elephatiasis
Oncotic edema
The type of edema seen when a weeping burn causes the loss of a large amount of plasma protein
Hydrostatic edema
A type of edema caused by an increase in blood pressure, which forces more fluid out of the capillaries
Inflammatory edema
The type of edema seen as the body reacts locally to a bee sting or mosquito bite
Hypervolemic acid
The type of edema resulting from a kidney tumor hyper secreting renin and therefore disrupting the normal renin-angiostensin-aldosterone axis
Oncotic edema
The type of edema seen when a failing liver can no longer make adequate plasma proteins or when kidney disease results in severe proteinuria
Inflammatory edema
A type of edema caused by an increased permeability of capillary walls usually coupled with Hyperemia
Hypervolemic edema
A type of edema caused by retention of sodium and water, which expands the blood volume raising blood pressure and promoting hydrostatic edema
Obstructive edema
A type of edema caused by blockage of lymphatic vessels which impairs fluid return to the cvs
Hydrostatic edema
A type of edema seen when hypertension increases ultrafiltration or when cirrhosis liver causes increased back pressure (blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein
Hematopericardium
What is not an example of edema
Liver
Oncotic edema caused by reduction of the colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma is a typical feature of chronic failure of the _____
Brachiocephalic and internal jugular veins
Where does the lymphatic system return excess fluid to the cardiovascular system
Left sided heart failure
Pulmonary edema is a typical consequence of
Congestive hepatomegaly
Nutmeg liver or ___ refers to the mottled appearance of the liver when afflicted with passive Hyperemia
Hyperemia
A general term referring to excessive blood in an organ
Active hyperemia
Hyperemia resulting from an increased supply of blood from the arterial system
Reactive hyperemia
Hyperemia resulting from an increased supply of arterial blood following a period of blood flow interruption
Passive hyperemia
Hyperemia resulting from an impediment to the exit of blood through normal venous pathways ie engorgement of an organ with venous blood
Passive hyperemia
Hyperemia sometimes referred to as congestion
Reactive hyperemia
Type of Hyperemia occurring when a skier after spending hours in subzero temps returns to a warm room and his/her ears turn beet red
Active hyperemia
Type of Hyperemia occurring after a faux pas; the resulting embarrassment caused facial blushing
Passive hyperemia
Type of Hyperemia occurring as right sided heart failure leads to congestive hepatomegaly
Passive hyperemia
Type of hyperemia occurring as deep vein thrombosis leads to edema and congestion of the legs
Hemorrhage
___ refers to loss of blood from the cardiovascular system
Purpurae
Medium sized hemorrhages, 1-10mm in diameter, in the skin or mucosae
Hemoptysis
Bleeding from the respiratory tract with blood in the sputum
Metrorrhagia
Uterovaginal bleeding unrelated to menstruation
Hematemesis
Vomiting of blood
Petechiae
Small hemorrhages, each less than 1 mm in diameter, in the skin or mucosae
Melena
Passage of stool containing dark tar like streaks of discolored blood; due to bleeding from the upper GI tract (stomach, duodenum)
Hematoma
A large mass of pre-existing blood which fills a pre-existing cavity
Hematochezia
Bright red blood in the stools due to bleeding from the Lower GI tract
Ecchymoses
Large blotchy bruises over 10mm in diameter on skin or mucosae
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
Hemoperitoneum
Bleeding into the peritoneum
Hemopericardium
Bleeding into the pericardium
Hemothorax
Bleeding into the pleural cavity
Gastric ulcer
Melena is a typical consequence of ____
Ecchymoses Purpurae petechiae
List the hemorrhages from largest to smallest
1500ml
What is the smallest amount of blood loss that could still be fatal for some people