The breed of cattle that was developed on the King Ranch in Texas eyyand consists of 3/8 Brahman and 5/8 Shorthorn
Santa Gertudis
A breed of cattle that originated in scotland that has a smooth hair coat, black in color, polled, and is one of the most popular breeds in the united states today:
Angus
The breed of swime which is white in color with erect ears and used extensively in commercial operations for the maternal characteristics
Yorkshire
The breeds of cattle with origin in Europe such as Charolais, Simmental, and Limousin
Continental breeds
The record of the ancestors of a particular animal
pedigree
The most prevalent fine-woll breed of sheep in the United States
Rambouillet
An objectionable inherited defect in swine known as a whorl
hair disturbance
The class of sheep that are evaluated more on the quality of their fleece than other sheep
Fine-wool breeds
One common characteristic between Hampshire, Yorkshire, and Berkshire swine
erect ears
Breeds of cattle that are used for both milk and meat production
dual-purpose breeds
Beef cattle or sheep born without horns
polled
major swine breed originated in England, with the major developent of the breed occurring in Kentucky. Originally known as the Thin Rind.
Hampshire
One common characteristic between Yorkshire, Landrace, and Chester Whites
color
state that produced the most hogs
Iowa
breeds of swine that is best on performance of litter size
Yorkshire
state that produces the most beef cattle
Texas
breed of beef cattle imported from france was originally used as draft animals
Maine-Anjou
The first american breed of beef cattle
Texas longhorn
The first breed of beef cattle imported to the united states in the late 1700's
Shorthorn
The first of the Continental breeds to be imported in the united states
Charolais
The most popular breed of registered medium wool sheep in the United States
Hampshire
More than one-half of all the crossbred sheep in the United States carry some percentage of the particular breed.
Rambouillet
genetic base of beef cattle categorized as american breeds
Brahman
exotic breed of cattle originated from Italy
Chianina
breed of cattle used in the united states came from Australia
Murray Grey
an animal resulting from the mating of two different breeds
crossbred
breed of cattle descended from spanish Andalusian cattle brought over by Columbus on his second voyage
Texas Longhorn
The most prevalent breed of sheep in the world
Merino
a free-roaming "wild" animal that was once domesticated
feral
trait of a hog that refers to its ability to raise large litters of pigs
maternal quality
common breed of swine was imported to the United States from Denmark
Landrace
hampshires, Polands, and Berkshires have in common
color
Which breed of swine is considered the oldest
Berkshire
breed of seine is best on performance of litter size
Landrace
country that produces the most swine
China
country that has the most sheep
Australia
The majority of composite breeds of cattle in the United States use what breed as a foundation?
Brahman
ancestor from which most domestic cattle evolved from
Aurochs
breed of sheep based on popularity is the most significant breed in the world
Corriedale
breed of sheep was developed at north Carolina State University
Polled dorset
breed of cattle is primarily red in color
Gelbvieh
breed of sheep that has a distinctive white face originated in scotland
Cheviot
breed of hair sheep originated in Texas
Barbado
Animals that through selection and breeding have come to resemble one another and pass those traits uniformaly to their offspring
breed
breed of swine that does not have a predominant red color
Poland China
breed of swine developed in the United States originated in the state of New York/ New Jersey
Duroc
Nutrients, which an animal can synthesize for growth and maintenance
non-essential nutrients
animals that cannot synthesize all of the required amino acids
swine
Vitamins that are not stored in the body and need to be consumed everyday
water soluble vitamins
Organic compounds, which are the building blocks in the formation of proteins
amino acids
What is the basic energy feed used in hog rations
corn
Feed additives in swine rations that control internal parasites are
anthelmintics
Sheep rations typically consists of 80 to 90 percent
roughage
The recommended protein percent of a grower ration for swine from weaning to 75 pounds is
16%
Which of the following vitamins is in the category of water-soluble
Vitamin B
Which of the following minerals is categorized as a macro mineral
Calcium
Wheat bran and animal fat are feed concentrates that are classified as
processing by-products
Which protein concentrate is limited to use by ruminants
urea
Feedstuffs such as hay and silage are classified as
roughages
A complex protein prduced by living cells that causes changes in other substances in the ody without being changed itself and withour becoming a part of the product is a(an)
enzyme
Amino acids are the building blocks of`
protein
Feed that is provided to young animals as an extra ration and is fed in an area that is inaccessible to the mothers is called a
creep feed
Vitamins that are stored in the body and need not be consumed everyday are
fat soluble
What feedstuff contributes most of the carbohydrates in swine rations
corn
The ability to initiate, sustain, and support repreduction
fertility
Which of the following vitamins is in the category of water-soluble
Vitamin C
How well an animal likes or accepts a feed is referred to as the
palatability
What is the most important nutrient in a swine ration
water
Which of the following minerals is a trace mineral
selenium
Which of the following elements is not a component of a carbohydrate
Nitrogen
An essential or non-essential element or compound in a food or feed is a(n)
nutrient
Which of the following feeds is highest in total digestible nutrients (TDN)
corn
Which feed uses fermentation in order to icrease palatability
silage
The largest compartment of teh ruminant stomach is the
rumen
Feed additives used to prevent disease and promote growth are
antibiotics
The feed component containing the most easily digested carbohydrates is the
nitrogen fixing extract
Which of the following is NOT required on a feed tag
price per CWT
Whcih of the following is water-soluble vitamin
pantothenic acid
Swine are in a class of animals that consume both plants and meat known as
omnivores
Calves younger than 3 monthes of age sold for slaughter are
veal
The average feed conversation ratio for beef cattle on full feed is
6:1-7:1
The first milk produced by a ewe after giving birth is know as
colostrum
The physical appearance of an animal is known as
phenotype
Te removal of the testicles from a male animal is
castration
feeder calves classes as yearlings usually weigh
550 to 700 lbs
The critical stage of production in livestock when giving birth to their offspring is
parturition
The secretion and production of milk in sheep, cattle, and swine is known as
lactation
The first milk produced by a cow after giving birth is known as
colostrum
The degree to which the crossbred offspring out performs its purebred parents is
hybrid vigor
An animal that has extremely straight hind legs is described as being
post-legged
A method of animal that has extremely straight hind legs is best described as being
freeze brand
The gestation time for cattle is
283 days
Which trait has the highest heritability estimate in cattle
post weaning rate of grain
The average age of puberty in sheep is
6 months
A cattle producer that produces breeding stock including bulls and females for cow-calf operations is commonly called a
seedstock/purebreed breeder
The most important factor when formulation a ration for livestock is
total digestive nutrients
The gestation time for sheep is
148 days
Heifers most commonly reach puberty at the average age of
7 months
Estrus in cattle usually occurs every
21 days
EPD stands for
expected progeny difference
A market where cattle are sold by public bidding, with the animals going to the highest bidder is known as a
auction markey
In swine, a male that has been castrated before reaching sexual maturity is called a
barrow
A system that is used for trading contracts for future delivery of cattle is known as
futured market
In 1985, a one dollar per head checkoff for every head of beef sold in the United States was established as a result of that passage of the
Beef Promotion and Research Act
The process of placing sperm in the female reproductive tract by some other means that natural mating is known as
artificial insemination
The process of preparing calves for the stress of being moved into the feedlot is called
preconditioning
The rate or percentage of animals becoming pregnant
conception rate
The removal of all or part of the tail from sheep is referred to as
docking
A method of animal identification that is a puncture in the skin of numbers or letters is known as
tattoo
A selective form of breeding in which the sire and dam are related which some refer to as a mild form of inbreeding is called
linebreeding
The average daily gain for growing cattle on full feed
3lb/day
Which of the following traits is considered undesirable when judging market lambs
early maturing
Cattle are in a class of animals which consume only plant products know as:
herbivores
The gestation time for swine is
114 days
When evaluating swine performance data, litter weights are adjusted to a standard of how many days?
21 days
The most common swine identification system is
ear notching
The mating of animals of different family lines within the same breed is
outcrossing
The testes produce sperm cells and the male sex hormone:
testosterone
The age at which an animal reaches sexual maturity is:
puberty
The lenght of the estrus cycle for a ewe is:
14-20 days
The estrus cycle in swine occurs:
every 21 days
The process of taking food nutrients through the intestinal wall is
absorption
The reflex and response that an animal has at birth is
instinct
Sheep and cattle both have multiple stomachs referred to as a(n)
ruminant
the growth and development of animals prior to birth
prenatal
a permanent change in the genotype of an offspring from that of its parents
mutation
an impairment that affects the performance of the vital life functions
disease
the most common sheep identification system
ear tags
hormone produced primarily by the ovaries in female animals
estrogen
use of living organisms or their products
biotechnology
external fat on a lamb is measured between these two ribs
12 and 13
tube that carries air to an animal's lungs
trachea
use of liquid nitrogen for storage of semen and embryos
cryopreservation
most important wholesale cut of lamb
leg
genetic makeup of an animal
genotype
ancestor of the angus and hereford breed of cattle
Bos taurus
Country that accounts for the highest percent of the world's cattle population
India
country with the greatest number of hogs
China
Country that produces the most sheep
Australia
A disorder characterized by gas distentionin the rumen, seen on the animal's left side
bloat
a common symptom is abortion early in the gestation period
brucellosis
a medication sprayed directly into the animal's nostrils
intranasal
gives newborn animals immunity to diseases
colostrums
giiven under the skin
subcutaneous injections
A swine disease causing degeneration of the turbinate bones in the snout and the twisting of the snout
rhinitis
the main cause of loss when rasing sheep
internal parasites
the most common parasites affecting beef cattle
flies
medications used to produce immunity in livestock that are derived from plasma and fibrinogen removed from blood
serums
Disease vaused by an organism that mainly affects the lungs
tuberculosis
diseases caused by a virus or bacteria
pathogenic
a nutritional problem characterized by a swollen abdomen of the left side, labored breathing, profuse salivation, groaning, lack of appetite, and stiffness
bloat
A disease carried by insects that affects the eyes of cattle
pinkeye
A nutritional problem in cattle characterized by swelling of the tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot and lameness of the animal
founder
swine health problems caused by a nutritional deficiency
anemia
the normal body temperature of a cattle
101.5 degrees F
the behavior of animals that band together in a herd or flock
gregarious
area of livestock production that is the major issue of animal rights organizations
confinement
cause of morphological defects in livestock
accidents
a disease that affects cattle and sheep with symptoms of lameness, followed by depression and fever, followed by swelling in the muscles of the hip, shoulder, chest, back, and neck, with sudden death within 3 days
blackleg
bacterial disease
tetanus
nutritional disease
enterotoxemia
viral disease
cholera
Proteins produced by an animal's immune system in response to invasion by bacteria, viruses, or parasites
anitibodies
fungal disease
foot rot
38% of total income from all livestock marketing in the United States
beef industry
number of cattle-rasing regions in the United States
8
breed of cattle which the United States Congress appropriated money in 1927 because they were almost extinct
Texas Longhorn
Breed of cattle called Durhams when they originated around 1600
Shorthorn
Breed of white colored swine originated in Pennsylvania
Chester White
breed of swine that can be traced to the early 1700's
Berkshire
Origination of the Pietrain breed of swine
Belgium
most common classifaction of sheep
type of wool
origination of the majority ofmedium wool breeds of sheep
England
classifaction of Cotswold sheep
Long wool