What is compression?
When an outside force (pressure) is applied to a substance and pushes the particles of the substance closer together, causing it to take up less space.
Give an example of compression.
Pushing down on the plunger of a closed syringe system causes the air molecules inside the syringe to move closer together. Therefore, the air inside the syringe takes up less volume. The pressure inside of the syringe is greater than the pressure outside of the syringe (see Gas in a Syringe under multimedia on Fossweb.com)
What are the characteristics of a gas in terms of volume and shape?
Gas has no definite volume and no definite shape,Gas takes the shape and volume of its containerGas particles flow freely through space and will spread out so they are evenly distributed.
How can students prove that gases are matter? Give both quantitative and qualitative evidence.
QuantitativeMass:Using the ball/triple beam balance demonstration, students could measure the amount of mass that was pumped into a ball. The mass of a deflated ball was taken, and compared to the mass of an inflated ball. There was a difference of about 0.33 , showing that the added air had mass.Volume:Students were able to create a chemical reaction in a glass vial, and collect/measure the volume of gas collected. This shows that gas has volume/takes up space.Since matter is anything that takes up space and has mass, this proves that air (gases) are matter.Qualitative:Mass:Students can see the plunger is pushed up when gas is collected, this infers that gas contains particles which collide with the syringe plunger, pushing it up.Volume:Students can see that the ball increases in volume as air is pumped into it.
What does equilibrium mean?
Equilibrium means the pressure and distribution of gas particles inside of a syringe is equal to the pressure and distribution of gas particles outside of a syringe.
Why does a compressed or expanded syringe plunger go back to its original position when released.
This is because gas particles inside of a syringe want to be at equilibrium with the particles outside of a syringe. Therefore, the gas particles inside collide with the plunger, pushing it up until the pressure inside is equal to the pressure outside.
Describe how gas particles are arranged.
Gas particles are scattered and have a lot of space between them.
7.) What is between the particles of a gas?
There is nothing but space between the gas particles, which is different than other states of matter.
What are the characteristics of a liquid in terms of volume and shape?
have definite volume , but their shape changes to fill the bottom of their containers.
Describe how liquid particles are arranged.
The particles of a liquid are touching, but they can move around meaning they have some space between them.
What are the characteristics of a solid in terms of volume and shape?
Solids have definite volume and shape and sit at the bottom of their containers.
Describe how solid particles are arranged.
The particles of a solid are touching and bonded tightly together, meaning the vibrate instead of moving freely.
When two substances are combined and a chemical reaction occurs, what is created?
When two reactants are combined and a chemical reaction occurs, a new product is created that has a different identity and different properties than the starting reactants.
At the particle level, explain how a syringe can get filled with gas from a chemical reaction.
During a chemical reaction, the particles of the reactants are pulled apart, rearranged, and put back together to form new products (substances). If the new product is a gas, the gas particles will spread out until they are evenly distributed. They push up on the syringe until the pressure inside the syringe is equal to the pressure outside of the syringe. That is how a syringe can get filled with gas from a chemical reaction.
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