Sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, 12 thoracic vertebrae
Which of the following form the bony thorax
Manubrium
The anatomical part of the sternum identified in the figure above is the:
PA oblique, RAO
Which of the following is the essential projection and body position for demonstration of the sternum?
PA oblique, RAO
Which projection and body position will demonstrate the sternum through the heart?
AP Projection
Which of the following projections would be used to demonstrate the sternum on a trauma patient who must remain relatively supine?
15-20 degrees
How much should the body be rotated for a PA oblique projection of the sternum?
T7
Where is the IR centered for a PA oblique sternum?
Expiration and slow shallow breathing
Which breathing technique can be used when performing an oblique projection of the sternum?
72" SID
Which SID is recommended for the lateral projection of the sternum for management of magnification?
Locked behind the back
Where should the patient's hands be positioned for an upright lateral sternum?
Deep Inspiration
What is the respiration phase for a lateral projection of the sternum?
T3
Where is the center of the IR positioned for a PA projection of sternoclavicular joints?
MSP vertical
How is the head positioned for a PA projection of both sternoclavucular articulations?
Turn the head to face the affected side
How is the patient's head positioned for a PA projection of the one sternoclavicular joint?
Expiration
The phase of respiration for a PA projection of the sternoclavicular joint is:
0 degrees
The central-ray angulation for a PA projection of the sternoclavicular joint is:
10-15 degrees
How much is the body rotated for the PA oblique projection of the sternoclavicular joint (body rotation technique) is:
The joint closest to the IR
When performing the PA oblique projection (body rotation technique) of the sternoclavicular articulations, which of the joints would be demonstrated?
6
The Approximate length of the sternum is
The jugular notch
The easily palpable superior border of the manubrium is called
30
What is the recommended SID necessary to blur the posterior ribs on a PA oblique Projection Sternum?
Expiration
To obtain a more uniform density, the respiration phase or the PA oblique projection of the sternoclavicular joints is
Mediastinum
The area between the two lungs is termed the
Larynx/ Trachea and bronchi/Both lungs
The respiratory system proper consists of the
Anterior
The trachea lies where in relation to the esophagus
Apex
The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is termed the
Behind
The esophagus lies where to the trachea
Upright
What is the most optimal position of the patient for examinations of the heart and lungs?
Patient's heart is closer to the Ir
Why is the left lateral chest position the most commonly used for lateral radiographs of the chest?
High kVp
Which of the following exposure factors is required to penetrate all of the thoracic anatomy?
Perpendicular
What is the central-ray angle for a PA chest radiograph?
Full inspiration on the second breathe
What is the optimal respiration phase for PA or lateral chest radiograph?
10
How many posterior ribs should be visible above the diaphragm on a PA chest radiograph?
MSP
Which plane must be completely parallel with the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during a lateral chest radiograph?
45 degrees
How many degrees of body rotation are required for routine AP or PA oblique chest radiography?
55-60 degrees
What is the degree of body rotation for the PA oblique, LAO position of the chest during a cardiac series?
0 degrees
What is the central-ray angulation for an AP or PA oblique projection of the chest?
Side closer to the IR
For AP oblique projections of the chest, the side of interest is generally:
the side farther from the IR
For PA oblique projections of the chest, the side of interest is generally:
PA oblique position, LAO
The AP oblique projection, RPO position of the chest corresponds to and essentially produces the same image as the:
60"-72
What is the recommended SID for a supine AP chest radiograph?
Pulmonary Apices
The Lindbolm method is used to demonstrate the:
0 degrees
What is the central-ray angle for the Lindblom method (lordotic position) of demonstrating the pulmonary apices?
1 foot
How far should the patient stand in front of the grid device before leaning backward for the lordotic position?
Inspiration
What is the respiration phase for the AP axial projection of the pulmonary apices?
Horizontal
How is the central ray positioned for an x-ray projection done with the patient placed in a decubitus position?
5 minutes
How long should the patient remain in position before making the exposure when performing a projection in the lateral or dorsal decubitus position?
Affected side
If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate fluid in the pleural cavity, which side must the patient lie on?
Unaffected side
If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate free air in the pleural cavity, which side must the patient lie on?
Lateral, AP/PA
The radiographic projections performed using the decubitus positions are:
Supine
What is the patient position for a lateral projection done in the dorsal decubitus position?
Affected side
Which side of the patient's chest is placed against the vertical IR for a ventral or dorsal decubitus lateral position?
Full inspiration
What is the respiration phase for AP or lateral projections performed in the decubitus position?
patient in the recumbent position
Horizontal x-ray beam
Which of the following are required to produce a radiograph using a decubitus position?
Entire lung fields
Patient's arms not visible in the image
Identification to indicate which decubitus
Which of the following must be clearly demonstrated on radiographic projections done using a decubitus position?
Lungs
The costophrenic angle is a part of the:
both lungs in their entirety
the trachea filled with air
Which of the following should be clearly demonstrated on an AP or PA oblique projection of the lungs?
Rolling the shoulders back
Which positioning maneuver moves the scapulae out of the lateral aspects of the lungs?