Cerebrum
Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory.
Cerebellum
the "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
Medulla
lower or hindmost part of the brain, lower or hindmost part of the brain
- controls blood pressure and digestive functions (including vomiting)
Hypothalamus
a neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating, drinking, body temperature; helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion
Cerebral gray matter
The cerebral cortex is composed of nerve cell bodies, and appears gray. The cerebral cortex processes "higher" information such as speech, sound, sight, and learning. It's also the seat of consciousness.
Cerebral white matter
second of three basic regions of each cerebral hemisphere; responsible for communication between cerebral areas and between cerebral cortex and lower CNS centers; consists mainly of myelinated fibers bundled into large tracts