Wall of aorta had prominance of
Elastic Fibers
T/F Veins gave smaller lumen and thicker wallsTrue False
FALSE
Post Capillary Veuoles are found in
Lymphoid Organs
Capillaries in Kidneys are
Porous
Capillaries in Liver are
Sinusoidal
Serum =
Plasma - Proteins
PCV in dogs =
45%
Buffy Coat=
WBC's and Platelets
Largest RBC is found in:Smallest is found in:
Largest: DogSmallest: Goat
Variable RBC size
Anistocytosis
Poikilocytosis is normal in
Goats
Rouleaux in normal in
Horses (and Cats)
Animal most suseptable to Heinz bodies
Cats (acetomenaphin, onion)
Average life span of RBCs in Dogs:Cats:
Dogs: 120 daysCats: 75 Days
Pedominant cells in horses
Neutrophils
Neutrophils remain in circulation for
~12 hours
Function of neutrophils:
Phagocytosis
What cells increase during allergic Rxn and Parasitic infection
Eosinophils
Macrophages are derived from
Monocytes
Eosinophils differ in appearance in what species?
Horses (granulated)Greyhounds (vaculated)
T-cells are produced in the
Thymus
Heterophils are present in
Birds
Histamine is released by
Basophils
Plasma Cells are released from
B-Lymphocytes
Majority of lymphocytes in circulation are:
T-Lymphocytes
Thymus is what type of lymphoid organ?
Primary
Stroma of thymus is formed by
Epithelial Reticular Cells
Stroma of Spleen is formed by
Reticular CT
Hassal's Corpuscles are part of
Thymus (in medulla)
Histamine is released by
Basophils
PALS are part of
White Pulp (spleen)
Thymus and Spleen have
Efferent lymph vessels
Birds do not have
lymph nodes
Organ that filters bood
Spleen
Where does filtration take place in the Spleen
Marginal Zone
Peyer's Patches are found in the
ileum (MALT)
Hemal Nodes are found in
Cattle
Epuithelium in cloacal bursa
pseudostratified
Embryology is AKA
Developmental Biology
Gametogenesis -> implantation
pre-embryonic
Embryology dealing with malformations
tetraology
evolutionary history of a species
phylogeny
Development that occurs though interaction of various parts
Epigenetic theory (notochord -> CNS
Primordial Germ Cells originate in
Wall of Yolk Sac
1 Spermatogonia => __ Spermatozoa
4
Head of Sperm is formed by
Nucleus
Cap of sperm is formed by
Golgi Body
Tail of sperm is formed by
cenriole
1 oogonium => ___ ovum
1 ovum (+ 2 polar bodies that are discarded)
What structure is ovulated in canines
primary oocyte
Cats and rabbits are
induced ovulators
Sperm remain in F genital tract of birds for
1+ month
Viability of ovum, after ovulation, is usually
1 day
Removal of glycoprotein Coat and seminal plasma protein from plasma membrane that overlies acrosomal region
Capacitation
Acrosomal Reaction
Release of enzymes to penetrate ovum
What prevents polyspermy
Zona Reaction
% Infertility of freemartins
92%
In most animals, fertilization takes place in the...In dogs...
Most: Ampulla of uterine tubeDogs: Infundibula
When 1+ sperm fertilize ovum
polyspermy
Superfecundation
1+ ovum and 1+ sperm(dogs)
Gestation length in cows
115 days
T/F Subsequent cleavages ar always perpindicular to previous divisionTrue False
TRUE
Notochord Develops from
Primitive Node
Notochord remains in adult as
Nucleus Propolsus
Mesoderm developes from
Primitive Streak
Cavity btw two layers of mesoderm (splanchnic and somato mesoderm)
Coelom
Somites develop from
Paraxial Mesoderm
Formation of 3 germ layers
Gastrulation
Vertebral Column develops from
Paraxial Mesoderm
Formation of Neural Ectoderm is induced by
notochord
Somatopleure =
ECTOderm + Somatic Mesoderm******
Splanchnopleure =
ENDOoderm + Splanchnic Mesoderm
Amnion is formed by
Extraembryionic Somatopleure
Vetelline Refers to
Yolk Sac
Allantois develops from
Extraembryonic Splanchnopleure
What is used to esimate age of embryo
Crown Rump LengthSomites