define : scale
the arrangement in acending order or decending order that is the basis of a musical composition
define: chromatic scale
all twelve pitches in an octive cromatically arranged
define: major scale
scale made up of two tetrachords with a whole step inbetween them(wwhwwwhw)
define: Tetrachord
a musical segment made of four notes in the interval whole step whole step half step ( eg cdef)
spell the c major scale
c d e f g a b c 0 sharp 0 flat
spell the g major scale
g a b c d e f# g1 sharp
spell the d major scale
d e f# g a b c# d2 sharps
spell the a major scale
a b c# d e f# g# a3 sharps
spell the e major scale
e f# g# a b c# d# e4 sharps
spell the b Major scale
b c# d# e f# g# a# b5 sharps
spell the f# major scale
f# g# a# b c# d# e# f#6 sharps
spell the C# major scale
C# D# E# F# G# A# B# C#7 sharps
spell the f major scale
f g a Bb c d e f1 flat
spell the Bb major scale
Bb C D Eb F G A Bb2 flats
spell the Eb major scale
Eb F G Ab Bb c d Eb3 flats
spell the Ab major scale
Ab Bb C Db Eb F G Ab4 flats
spell the Db major scale
Db Eb F Gb Ab Bb C Db5 flats
spell the Gb major scale
Gb Ab Bb Cb Db Eb F Gb 6 flats
spell the Cb major scale
Cb Db Eb Fb Gb Ab Bb Cb 7 flats
?? One Sharp Major
G Major
Two Sharps Major
D Major
Two Sharps Minor
B Minor
One Sharp Minor
E Minor
Three Sharps Major
A Major
Three Sharps Minor
F # Minor
Four Sharps Major
E Major
Four Sharps Minor
C # Minor
Five Sharps Major
B Major
Five Sharps Minor
G # Minor
Six Sharps Major
F # Major
Six Sharps Minor
D # Minor
Seven Sharps Major
C # Major
Seven Sharps Minor
A# Minor
0 Major
C Major
0 Minor
A Minor
One Flat Major
F Major
One Flat Minor
D Minor
Two Flats Major
B? Major
Two Flats Minor
G Minor
Three Flats Major
E? Major
Three Flats Minor
C minor
Four Flats Major
A? Major
Four Flats Minor
F Minor
Five Flats Major
D? Major
Five Flats Minor
B? Minor
Six Flats Major
G? Major
Six Flats Minor
E? Minor
Seven Flats Major
C? Major
Seven Flats Minor
A? Minor
define : Key signature
notes that are sharp or flat throught the entire piece placed before the first notes
define: Relative/ natural minor and what is the step pattern
a minor scale that shares the same key signature as a major scale but has a different name, it is in this step pattern (whwwhww)
spell the a natural minor scale
A B C D E F G A0 sharps or flats
spell the E natural minor scale
E F# G A B C D E 1 sharp
Spell the B natural minor scale
B C# D E F# G A B 2 sharps
spell the F# natural minor scale
F# G# A B C# D E F#3 sharps
spell the C# natural minor scale
C# D# E F# G# A B C#4 sharps
spell the g# natural minor scale
G# A# B C# D# E F# G5 sharps
spell the d# natural minor scale
D# E# F# G# A# B C# D#6 sharps
spell the A# natural minor scale
A# B# C# D# E# F# G# A#7 sharps
spell the d natural minor scale
D E F G A Bb C D1 flat
spell the g natural minor scale
G A Bb C D Eb F G 2 flats
spell the C natural minor scale
C D Eb F G Ab Bb C3 flats
spell the f natural minor scale
F G Ab Bb C Db Eb f4 flats
spell the Bb natural minor scale
Bb C Db Eb F Gb Ab Bb 5 flats
spell the Eb natural minor scale
Eb F Gb Ab Bb Cb Db Eb6 flats
spell the Ab natural minor scale
Ab Bb Cb Db Eb Fb Gb Ab7 flats
define: Harmonic minor scale and what is the step pattern
a natural minor scale with the 7th raised by a half step (whwwh[3/2]w)
spell the a harmonic minor scale
A B C D E F G# A0 sharps or flats
spell the E harmonic minor scale
E F# G A B C D# E 1 sharp
Spell the B harmonic minor scale
B C# D E F# G A# B 2 sharps
spell the F# Harmonic minor scale
F# G# A B C# D E# F#3 sharps
spell the C# harmonic minor scale
C# D# E F# G# A B# C#4 sharps
spell the g# harmonic minor scale
G# A# B C# D# E Fx G5 sharps
spell the d# harmonic minor scale
D# E# F# G# A# B Cx D#6 sharps
spell the A# harmonic minor scale
A# B# C# D# E# F# Gx A#7 sharps
spell the d Harmonic minor scale
D E F G A Bb C# D1 flat
spell the g harmonic minor scale
G A Bb C D Eb F# G 2 flats
spell the C harmonic minor scale
C D Eb F G Ab B C3 flats
spell the f harmonic minor scale
F G Ab Bb C Db E f4 flats
spell the Bb harmonic minor scale
Bb C Db Eb F Gb A Bb 5 flats
spell the Eb harmonic minor scale
Eb F Gb Ab Bb Cb D Eb6 flats
spell the Ab harmonic minor scale
Ab Bb Cb Db Eb Fb G Ab7 flats
define the melodic minor scale and what is the step pattern
the natrual minor scale with the 6th and 7th raised on the acent but is the same as the natural minor on the decent (whwwwwh)
spell the a melodic minor scale
A B C D E F# G# A G F E D C B A0 sharps or flats
spell the E melodic minor scale
E F# G A B C# D# E D C B A G F# E1 sharp
Spell the B melodic minor scale
B C# D E F# G# A# B A G F# E D C# B2 sharps
spell the F# melodic minor scale
F# G# A B C# D# E# F# E D C# B A G# F#3 sharps
spell the C# melodic minor scale
C# D# E F# G# A# B# C# B A G# F# E D# C#4 sharps
spell the g# melodic minor scale
G# A# B C# D# E# Fx G F# E D# C# B A# G#5 sharps
spell the d# melodic minor scale
D# E# F# G# A# B# C#x D# C# B A# G# F# E# D#6 sharps
spell the A# melodic minor scale
A# B# C# D# E# Fx Gx A# G# F# E# D# C# B# A#7 sharps
spell the d melodic minor scale
D E F G A B C# D C Bb A G F E D 1 flat
spell the g Melodic minor scale
G A Bb C D E F# G F Eb D C Bb A G2 flats
spell the C melodic minor scale
C D Eb F G A B C Bb Ab G F Eb D C 3 flats
spell the f melodic minor scale
F G Ab Bb C D E f Eb Db C Bb Ab G F 4 flats
spell the Bb melodic minor scale
Bb C Db Eb F G A Bb Ab Gb F Eb Db C Bb5 flats
spell the Eb melodic minor scale
Eb F Gb Ab Bb C D Eb Db Cb Bb Ab Gb F Eb6 flats
spell the Ab Melodic minor scale
Ab Bb Cb Db Eb F G Ab Gb Fb Eb Db Cb Bb Ab7 flats
define: parallel minor
by adding 3 flats to the key of the major key you get the minor key of the same nameeg f major (1 flat) + 3 flats + f minor (four flats)
Define: interval
two notes played at the same time
what two part designation is given to an interval
the number is the number of note names spanned and the qualifing term which detonates which intervaleg M5 m5 P5 +5
when do you use a Major or minor qualifing term
when you have a second third sixth or seventh
when do you use a perfect qualifing term
on unisons fourths fifths and octives
when do you use an agumented or diminished qualifing term
on any interval ( there is an exception the diminished cannot be used on a unison)
what is a major unison composed of
a pitch and the same pitch
what is a minor second composed of
a half step eg c c#
what is a major second composed of
a whole step eg c d
what is a minor 3rd composed of
3 half steps
what is a major 3rd composed of
4 half steps
what is a perfect 4th composed of
5 half steps
what is a perect 5th composed of
7 half steps
what is a minor sixth composed of
8 half steps
what is a major sixth composed of
nine half steps
what is a minor 7th composed of
ten half steps
what is a major 7th composed of
11 half steps
what is a perfict octive composed of
12 half steps
how is a diminished interval different than its non diminished counterpart
the diminished lowers the interval by a half step be aware that if you diminish a major interval it becomes a minor interval and if you diminish it again it becomes a diminished interval
how is a agumented interval different than its non agumented countrpart
the agumeted interval expands the inerval by a half step be aware that if you agument a minor interval it becomes a major interval and if you agument it again it becomes an agumented interval
define: inversion and give the rules
octive transpostion of one of the pitches so the order of the pitches changesrules 1) subtract its numerial value from nine 2) change the quality as follows - major becomes minor and vise versa - agumented becomes diminished and vise versa - perfect intervals remain perfect eg- m2 step 1) 9-2=7 step 2) m becomes M so it is a M7 chord
define: simple interval
an interval that is contained in one octive
define: compound interval
an interval that is larger than an octive
define: diatonic interval
intervals formed by two pitches in the given key
define: chromatic interval
involve a cromatic cange in one or both of the notes in the interval
define: consonance and what intervals are included
an interval with a lack of tension ( P unison, P4 , P5, P8, M3, m3 , M6 , m6)
define: dissonance and what intervals are included
a chord that sudjests tension ( all seconds sevenths agumented and diminished chords