Alopecia
Abnormal hair loss.
Alopecia Areata
The sudden falling out of hair in round patches or baldness in spots; may occur on the scalp and elswhere on the body.
Amino acids
units that are joined togehter end to end by peptide bonds to form the polypeptide chains that comprise porteins.
Anagen
growth phase in the cycle in which a new hair shaft is created
androgenic alopecia
hair loss characterized by miniaturization of terminal hair which is converted to vellus hair; in men it is known as male pattern bladness.
arrector pili
minute, involutary muscle in the base of the hair follice that causes "goose bumps
canities
Technical term for gray hair; results from the loss of the hair's natural melanin pigment
Carbuncle
inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylocci; similar to furuncle but larger.
Catagen
the brief transistion period between the growth and resting phases of a hair follicle
COHNS element
the five elements that make up human hair, skin , tissue and nails ( carbon, oxygen, hyrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur)
Cortex
middle layer of the hair; a fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells contaiong melanin pigment.
cowlick
tuft of hair that stands straight up.
cuticle
outermost layer of hair consisting of a single overlappoing layer of transparent, scale-like cless.
dermal papilla
small cone-shaped elevation located at the bace of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb
disulifide bond
Strong chemical side bonds that join the sulfur atoms of two neighboring cysteine amino acids to create cysine, which joins together two polypeptide strands like rungs on a ladder
eumelanin
melanin that gives brown and black color to hair.
follicle
Tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or sclap that contains the hair root
Fragilitas Crinium
technical term for brittle hair.
Fruncle
boil; acute. localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle.
hair bulb
lowest part of a hair strand; the thickened, club-shaped structure that form the lower part of the hair root.
hair density
the number of indiviual hair strands found on 1 square inch of scalp
hair elasticity
ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking.
Hair porosity
ability of the hair to absorb moisture
hair root
the part of the hair contained within the follicle, below the surfaces of the scalp.
hair shaft
the portion of hair that projects beyond the skin.
hair stream
hair flowing in the same direction, resulting from follicles slpoing in the same direction.
hair texture
thickness or diameter of the indiviual hair strands
helix
spiral shape created by polypeptide chains that intetwine around each other
hyrogen bond
weak physical side bond that is easily broken by wather or heat.
hypertrichosis (hirsuties)
condition of abnormal growth of hair, charaterized by the growth of terminal hair in areas of the body that normally grow only vellus hair.
integument
largest and fastest growing organ of the body; composed of the hair skin and nails.
keratinization
process by which newly formed cells in the hairr bulb mature, fill with keratin, move upward, lose their nucleus, and die.
malassezia
naturally occuring fungus that is present on all human skin, and is responsible for dandruff.
medulla
innermost lyer of the hair, composed of round cells, often abesnt in fine hair.
melanin
tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to the hair
monilethrix
technical term for beaded hair
pediculosis capitits
infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice.
peptide bond or end bond
chemical that joins amino acids to each other, end to end, to form polypeptide chain.
pheomelanin
melanin that provides natural hair colors from red and ginger to yellow/blond tones.
pityriasis
dandruff; and infalmmation of the skin characterzied by formation and flakin of fine, thin scales.
pityriasis capitits simplex
technical term for classic dandruff; characterized by scalp irritaion . large flakes. and itchy scalp.
pityriasis steatoides
scalp inflammation marked by fatty(greasy or waxy) types of dandruff.
polypeptide chain
long china of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
pospartum alopecia
temporary hair loss experiences at the conclusion of pregnancy
ringed hair
variety of canites characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the length of the hair strand
salt bond
a weak, temporary side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains.
scabies
hichly contagious disease caused by mites that burrow under the skin.
scutula
dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp in tinea favosa or favus.
sebaceous flands
oil glands of the skin connected to hair follicles.
seborrheic dermatitis
medical term for pityriasis steatioides accompanied by redness and inflammation.
sebum
oily secretion ofthe sevaceous flands, which lubricates the hair and skin
telogen
resting phase; the final phase in the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed. About 10% of sclap hair is in the telogen phase at any one time
Terminal hair
long hair found on the scalp, as well as on legs, arm, and body of both males and females
tinea
medical term for ringworm a contagious conditon caused by fungal infection
tinea capitis
fungal infection characterized by red papules, or spots at the opening of hair follicles
tinea favosa ( tinea favus)
fungal infection caraterized by ry , sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp, called scutula.
trichology
science dealing with the study of hair its diseses and care.
trichoptilosis
technical term for split ends.
trichorrhexis nodosa
knotted hair characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along tha hair shaft.
vellus or lanugo
short, fine, unpigmented downing hair that appears on the body, with the exception of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet
wave patterm
amount of "movement" in the hair strand; described as straight, wavy, curly, and extermely curly.
whorl
hair that forms in a circular pattern, as on the crown.