defense factors
mucusbicarbonateblood flowprostaglandins
aggressive factors
NSAIDssmokingH. Pylorispepsingastric acid
prostaglandins
suppress secretion of gastric acid
helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
gram negative bacteria that colonize in stomach and duodenum
zollinger-ellison syndrome
tumor causes hypersecretion of gastric acid alone without bicarbonate
3 test to evaluate h.pylori eradication
serologybreathbiopsystool
rantidine hydrochloride (Zantac)
H2RAADRdecrease libidoimpotenceCNS effectsINTERwarfarinphenytoinantacids
omeprazole (prilosec)
protein pump inhibitor (PPI)ADRnone long termlong term cancerINTERampicillindigoxinironketoconazole
sucralfate
viscous substance that stick to ulcer for up to 6 hours
sucralfate (carafate)
ADRconstipationINTERwarfarin phenytoindigoxinciprofloxacinantacids
aluminum hydroxide gel (amphogel)
antacidADRNA+ containing antacidaluminum hydroxidemagnesium compoundsINTERwarfarintetracycline
misoprostol (cytotec)
pregnancy risk XADRdysmenorrheaspottingdiarrheaabdominal pain
laxative
used to ease or stimulate defacationproduce soft stool over a day or more
catharsis
prompt fluid evacuation of the bowel
bulk forming laxative psyllium (metamucil)
soften stoolincrease bulk of stoollike dietary fibergroup III
surfactant laxative ducosate (colace)
lower surface tension of stool to allow penetration of watergroup III
stimulant laxatives bisacodyl (dulcolax)
simulate intestinal peristalsisincrease water and electrolytes in intestinal lumenPO or rectalgroup II
osmotic laxatives magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia)
draw water into intestines to incease bulk of stoolgroup I
proctitis
inflammation of lining of rectum
Group I laxatives
2-6 hr
Group II laxative
6-12 hrs
group III laxatives
1-3 days
bisacodyl
rectal act in 15 mingroup I
esophageal obstruction
when you dont drink enough water with medicine8 oz
intestinal obstruction
if passage through intestines is arrested
antiemetic receptor
5ht3 serotoninda2 dopamine 2m muscarinic cholerginich1 histamin 1nk1 neurokinin 1
antiemetic
given to supress nasea and vomiting
ondansetron (zofran)
blocks 5ht3 receptor located in ctz andon afferent vagal neurons in GI tractpo or ivADRheadachedizzinessdiarrheaINTER
prochloperazine (compazine)
blocks da2 receptorsADRhypotensionanticholinergic epssedation
dexamethasone (decadron)
glucocorticoid
dronabinol (marinol)
marijuanaADRdissociationhypotensiondysphoriatachycardia
scopolamine (transderm scop)
muscarinic antagonistADRanticholinergic effectssedation
dimenhydrinate (Dramimine) antihistamine
blocks h1 and muscarinic receptorsADRsedationanticholinergic effects
drug interaction for antiemetics
CNS depressantsantihypertensivesanticholinergic medications
diarrhea
stools of excessive volume and fluidityincreased frequency of defacation
diphenoxylate (lomotil)
opiod used for diarrheaactiviate opiod receptors in the GI tract to decrease intestinal motility
metoclopramide (reglan)
prokinetic agentsADRepssedationdiarrheaINTERpt with seizures
prokinetic agent
block da2 and 5ht3 in CTZ
h2ra suffix
#NAME?
proton pump inhibitors (ppi) suffix
#NAME?