Allegory
A story in which people, things, and events have another meaning.
Allusion
A reference in a work of literature to something outside the work, especially to a well-known historical or literary event, person, or work.
Attitude
A speaker?s, author?s, or character?s disposition toward or opinion of a subject.
Connotation
The implications of a word or phrase, as opposed to its exact meaning (denotation)
Convention
A device of style or subject matter so often used that it becomes a recognized means of expression.
Denotation
The dictionary meaning of a word, as opposed to connotation.
Diction
Word choice
Euphenism
A figure of speech using indirection to avoid offensive bluntness such as deceased for dead or remains for corpse.
Figurative Language
Writing that uses figures of speech (as opposed to literal language)
Genre
A literary form, such as an essay, novel, or poem. Within genres like the poem, there is also more specific genres based upon content (love poem, nature poem or form.
Grapheme
The smallest part of written language that represents a phoneme in the spelling of a word. It may be just one letter ( b,d,f,p,s) or several letters (ch, sh, th, ea, igh)
Holophrase
A single word that expresses a complete thought
Hyperbole
Deliberate exaggeration, overstatement.
Imagery
The images of a literary work, the sensory details of work, the figurative language of work.
Irony
A figure of speech in which intent and actual meaning differ.
Jargon
The special language of a profession or group:
Literal
Not figurative, accurate to the letter
Lyrical
Songlike, characterized by emotion, subjectivity, and imagination
Morpheme
A unit of meaning that cannot be divided into smaller elements, such as the word ?book?
Narrative Techniques
The methods involved in telling a story, the procedures used by a writer of stories or accounts.Example:Point of view, manipulation of time, dialoque, or interior monologue.
Novel
A fictional narrative in prose of considerable length
Omniscient point of view
The vantage point of a story in which the narrator can know, see, and report whatever he or she chooses.
Onset
The initial consonant(s) sound of a syllable Example:The onset of bag is b-Swim is sw-
Oxymoron
A combination of opposites, the union of contradictory terms.Example:Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health
Parable
A story designed to suggest a principle, illustrated a moral or answer a question. Parables are allegorical stories.
Paradox
A statement that seems to be self-contradicting but, in fact, is true.
Parallelism
Phrases in a sentence are parallel when they have the same grammatical structureParodyA composition that imitates the style of another composition, normally for comic effect.
Personification
A figurative use of language that endows nonhumans (ideas, inanimate objects, animals, abstraction) with human characteristics.
Phoneme
The smallest part of spoken language that makes a difference in the meaning of words. Example:If -2 phonemes /i/ /f/ Check-3 phonemes- /ch/ /e/ /k/
Phonics
The understanding that there is a predictable relationship between phonemes and graphemes
Phonemic awareness
The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate the individual sounds-phonemes-in spoken words. Understanding that they work together to make words.
Phonemic Manipulation
When children work with phonemes in words, they are manipulating the phonemes.
Rhetorical Question
A question asked for effect, not in expectation of a reply. No reply is expected because the question presupposes only one possible answer.
Rhetorical Techniques
The devices used in effective or persuasive language. The most common examples include devices like contrast, repetitions, paradox, understatement, sarcasm, and rhetorical question.
Rime
A rime is the part of a syllable that contains the vowel and all that follows itExampleThe rime of bag is -ag
Satire
Writing that seeks to arouse a reader?s disapproval of an object by ridicule. Usually comedy that exposes errors with an eye to correcting vice and folly.
Segmenting
When children break words into their individual phonemes . They are also segmenting when they break words into syllables and syllable into onsets and rimes
Semantics
The analysis and study of meanings of words, phrases, and sentences.
Setting
The background to a story, the physical location of a play, story, or novel.
Simile
A directly expressed comparison; a figure of speech comparing 2 objects usually with like, as, or than.
Soliloquy
A speech in which a character who is ALONE speaks his or her thoughts ALOUD.
Strategy
The management of language for a specific effect.
Structure
The arrangement of materials within a work
Style
The mode of expression in languageThe characteristic manner of expression of an authorSuch as: diction, syntax, figurative language, imagery, selection of detail, sound effects, and tone
Syllogism
A form of reasoning in which 2 statements are made and a conclusion is drawn from them
Symbol
Something that is simultaneously itself and a sign of something else
Telegraphic Speech
Simplified speech or an early form of speech
Tone
The manner in which an author expresses his or her attitude, the intonation of the voice that expresses meaning. Described by adjectives, and the possibilities are nearly endless.