Name Aritotle's three priciples of Association:
1. Contiguity2. Similarity3. Contrast
_______________ : the more closely together in space or time two items occur, the more likely the association.
Contiguity
______________: thought of one conept often leads to the thought of a similar concept.
SIMILARITY
____________: an item often leads to the thought of its opposite.
Contrast
According to James Mills, When two or more simple sensations are repleatedly presented together, a product of union may produce a ______________.
Complex Idea
According to James Mills, When Complex Ideas combine they form ___________.
Duplex Ideas
Name Thomas Brown's NINE Secondary Principles of Association:
1. length of time2. liveliness3. frequency4. recently5. Free from Strong Associations6. Constitutional Differences7. Emotional State8. State of the Body9. Prior Habits
He used nonsense syllables in his memory experiments.He proposed the concept of savingsHe confermed Brown's Secondary Principles of AssociationBackward AssociationSavings
Ebbinghaus
What are some of Ebbinghaus' Major Findings:
1. Correlation b/w list length and study time2. Overlearning: Repetitions strengthens the association3. The forgetting curve4. Association strength dependent upon proximity5. The concept of Backward Association
Specialized cells that transmit information
neurons
The neuron consists of: (Name the Parts of The Neuron)
1. Cell Body2. nucleous3. Dendrites4. Axons5. Axon Terminal
the part of the neuron that contains the nucleous, which regulates the basic metabolic functions of the cell
cell body
A long, branch like part of a neuron that transmits electrical pulses, or action potentials, when the neuron is stimulated
Axon
enlarged structures at the ends of the axon that release chemical transmitters that stimulate the dendrites of other neurons.
Axon Terminals
the three major components of a neuron are:
Cell bodyDendrites Axons
The ______________ regulates the basic metabilic fuctions of a neuron
nucleous
___________ are a branchlike structure on the receptive side of a neuron that is sensitive to transmitters released by the axon terminals of other neurons
Dendrites
Both the ____________ and the _____________ are receptive to chemicals called transmitters that are released by other neurons.
Dendrites, Cell Body
These Transmitters produce ___________ and _________ in the postsynaptic cell
excitation, inhibition
True or FalseA neuron's firing rate reflects the combined influences of all its excitatory and inhibitory inputs.True False
TRUE
___________ are specialized neurons designed to break down incomming stimuli into simple sensations.(it responds to sensory stimuli, either from internal bodily sensations such as muscle tension and balance)
RECEPTORS
Name Five Types of Receptors:
1. Tactile2. Taste3. Auditory4. Olfactory5. Visual
True or FalseVery Specialized Neurons in our body are able to pick up shapes, angles, and degrees.True False
TRUE
What are the three theories of Learning?
1. Chemichal Changes2. Growth of New Synapses 3. Growth of New Neurons
True or FalsePrevious researchers believed no new neurons appeared after infancyTrue False
TRUE
TRUE or FALSEStidies have NOT found new neurons in adult monkeysTrue False
FALSE
True or FalseThere is some evidence that clinical depression may be associated with low levels of neurogenesis.True False
TRUE
_______________ is highly involved in learning.
The Cerebral Cortex
______________ is the growth of new neurons:
Neurogenesis
____________ is the branching of Dendrites.
Arborization
Continuing to practice a response after performance is apparently perfect, which often results in stronger or more accurate performance in a delayed test:This term came from Ebbinghaus' Studies....
Overlearning