Jazz Review 2

Who was Bix Beiderbecke?

First great white jazz musician,very short life due to general health neglect and alcoholism, very differentfrom Louis Armstrong in that he played the coronet, used wider intervals, andwas introspective.

What were Bix's threeperiods?

1. Wolverineswith Hoagy Carmichael (a group at Indiana University)2. FrankieTrumbauer (Tram) 3. Paul Whiteman (Very Commercial

What did Bix want to be remembered as?

He wanted to be remembered as a composer.

What were the pieces of Duke Ellington that we studied?

East St. Louis Toodle-Ooh, Concerto for Cootie, Blue Serge

What are two identifying characteristics, orimportant facts about Concerto for Cootie

Recorded in 1940, written for Cootie Williams, words Were added later �Do nothing til youhear from me�, Uses a plunger, used 4-5 differentsounds

What was Duke's first band? Where was his first important engagement?

Washingtonians� and the Cotton club

What did the critics call Duke's music? Why?

�Critics said �Jungle Sounds���Bubber� Miley�Plunger Mute�Growls

What does the golden section (or golden mean) have to dowith proportion in music? How do composers usethis? Who discoveredit?

�Based on the Fibonacci (1202) series�Divide the larger number into the smallernumber = The Golden Meanto balance the composition

Who played with Benny Goodman in his quartet?Why was this group important? Musically?Sociologically?

Lionel Hampton, Gene Krupa, Teddy Wilson, and Benny Goodman�First racially mixed band. �Popularized swing, he became a pop icon.

List three reasons why Thelonius Monk isimportant, Name one of his pieces that we studied.

1. His work seriously challenged improvisers2. His music transcends a stylistic category3. Able to sounds as if he �bends� notesStraight, No Chaser

Slam Stewart

� bass - Used bowed bass style, bass bebop

Dizzy Gillespie

trumpet - worked with Charlie Parker, afro-Cuban influences.

Dave Brubeck

piano - mixed meters

MJQ

Modern Jazz Quintet, conservative, quiet dignified elegance

Art Tatum

piano

Chet Baker

trumpet Pianoless Quartet. Main Focus was on Counter Point. Collective Improvisation�everyonesolos at same time

Gerry Mulligan

Sax player

Lester Young

sax - sax player, early, most influential sax player, light and airy sound

Count Basie

piano - Kansas City swing style, capitalized on Brassvs. reeds, first great rhythm section, riff based compositions, disappearanceof stride, Lester Young influence.

Coleman Hawkins

tenor sax

Chano Pozo

percussion (drums) (Dizzy)

Sidney Bechet

soprano sax