accessory muscles
the secondary muscles of repiration
AVPU
a method of assesing a patients level of conciousness by determining whether a patient is awake and alert, resposive to verbal stimulus or pain, or unresponsive, used principally in the intial assessment
BSI
an infection control concept and practice that ssumes that all body fluids are potetially infectious.
breath sounds
an indication of air movement in the lungs usually assessed with a stetoscope
capillary refill
a test that evaluates distal circulatory system function by squeezing blood from an area such as a nail bed and watching the speed of its return after releasing the pressure
chief complaint
the reason a patient called for help, also the patients response to general questions such as whats wrong, or what happend
coagulate
to form a clot to plug an opening in an injured blood vessel and stop bleeding
conjuntiva
the delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye
crepitus
a grating or grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ens or joints rubbing together, also air bubbles under the skin that produce a crackling sound or crinkly feeling
cyanosis
bluish-gray skin color that is caused by reduced oxygen levels in the blood
DCAP-BTLS
a mmenemonic for assesment in which each area of the body is evaluated for deformities, contusions, abbrasions, puntures, burns, tenderness, lacerations and swelling
detailed physical exam
the part of the assesment process in which a detailed area by area exam is performed on patients whose problems cannot be readily identified or when more specfic info is needed about problems indetified in the focused history and physical exam
focused history and physical exam
the part of the assessment process in which the patients major complaint or problems that are immediatley evident are further and more specifically evaluated
frostbite
damage to tissue as the result of exposure to cold frozen or partiallyfrozen body parts
general impression
the overall intial impression tha determines the priority for patient care, based on the patients surrounding the mechanesm of injury, signs and symptoms, and the chief complaint
golden hour
the time from injury to definitive care, during which treatment of shock or truamatic injuries should occur because survival potential is best
guarding
involuntary muscles contractions of the abdominal wall in an effort to protect the inflamed abdomen, a sign of peritonitis
hypothemia
a condition in which the internal body temp falls below 95 after exposure to a cold enviroment
intial assesment
the part of the assessment process that helps you to identify any immediatley or potenate life threating conditions so that you can initate lifesaving care
jaundice
a yellow skin color that is seen in patients with live desease or dysfunction
mechnism of injury MOI
the way in which traumatic injuries occur, the forces that act on the body to cause damage
nasal flaring
flaring ou of the nostrils indicationg that there is an airway obstruction
nature of illness NOI
the general type of illness a patient is experiencing
ongoing assessment
the part of the assessment process in which problems are reevaluated and responses to treatment are assessed
orientation
the mental status of a patient as measured by memory of person, place. time, and event
OPQRST
the six pain questions, onset, provoking, quilaty, radiation, severity, touch
palpate
examine by touch
paradoxial motion
the motion of the chest wall section that is detached in a flail chest, the motion is exactly th opposite of norman motion during breathing
rales
crackling, rattling, breath sound that signals fluid in the air spaces of the lungs also called crackles
resopnsiveness
the way in which a patient responds to external stimuli, including verbal stimuli, tactile stimuli and painful stimuli
retractions
movements in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during inspiration