dominant method of carbon dioxide transport
dissolve in plasma as bicarbonate ions
point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called
carina
accessory organs stores bile
gallbaldder
pancreatic enzymes acts on glycogen and starches
amylase
function of smooth muscle layer of the digestive system
mixing and propulsion
primary gas exchange site
aveolus
composed of prominent lymphatic nodules that function in the immune response
MALT
portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine
greater omentum
deciduous molars are replaced by
bicuspids
heaviest gland of the body
liver
processes is the primary function of the mouth
ingestion
pancreatic enzyme acts on peptide bonds
chymotrypsin
primary function of villi
absorption
prevents food or water from entering the trachea
epiglottis
mouth and tooth are lined with
periodontal ligament
structure regulates the flow of material into the colon
ileocecal sphincter
direction of diffusion of gases at capillaries near systemic cells
oxygen out of blood, carbon into blood
layer functions by secreting a lubricating fluid
serosa
portion of the peritoneumattaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm
falciform ligament
not a primary function of the large intestine
regulation of glucose
brunner's gland
secrete an alkaline mucous
accessory organs produces a fluid to soften food
salivary gland
pitch is controlled by
tensions of vocal cords
conducting zone
moisten and warm air, conduct air into the lungs
passageway for air, food and water
pharynx
lungs and chest wall expand easily
high compliance
hormone function to counteract the effect of gastric acid in the small intestine
secretin
principle bile pigment
billirubin
cells of the aveoli that produces surfactine
type II alveolar cells
hormone is stimulated by high levels of dietary fat in the small intestine
cholecystokinin
forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus
simple squamous epithelium
layer of the GI tract is composed of areolar connective tissue that binds the mucosa to the muscularis
submucosa
opening to the pharynx from the mouth
fauces
capability of the gi tract to move material along its length
motility
contains skeletal muscle
muscularis
small intestine cells secrete lysozyme
paneth cells
pancreatic enzyme that digest lipids
lipase
located anterior to esophagus and carries air to bronchi
trachea
maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system
hyaline
cell secretes the hormone that promotes production of hydrochloric acid
g cell
structure of the stomach allows greater distension for food storage
rugae
conducting airways with the air that does not undergo respiratory exchange are known as
respiratory dead space
digestive acid, produced by the stomach, begins digestion by denaturing proteins
hydrochloric acid
accessory organs produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats
liver
direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs
Oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide out of blood
secrete hydrochloric acid
parietal cells
not part of the upper respiratory system
trachea