asymmetry
no shape, ex.amoeba
spherical symmetry
circular, ex. volvox
radial symmetry
tube/bell shaped body
bilateral symmetry
2 sided shapecan only be cut one way to get equal halves
dorsal
upper surface
ventral
lower surface
protosomes
worms, anthropods, clams
deuterosomes
vertebrates, starfish
ectoderm
skin and nervous system
mesoderm
muscle
endoderm
digestive system lining
2 kinds of skeletons secreted by sponges
spiculespongin
spicule
calcium carbonate or silicon compounds
spongin
protein fibers, soft and flexible
2 cell layers of sponges
ectoderm-forms into epidermisendoderm-made of collar cells
mesenchyme
middle jelly layer of a spongeholds layers together
gemmule
cells in a hard coat, dormant stage of sponge
2 cell layers of Cnidarians
endodermepidermis
mesoglea
jelly layer of Cnidarians
nerve net
Cnidarianslocated in mesoglea"brain
nematocysts
stinging cells
basal disk
attaches hydra to places
How to Cnidarians get food?
they capture them in their tentaclesplankton get paralyzed
polyp
tube like body in the Cnidarians
gastrovascular cavity
tube like stomach
endoderm in Cnidarians
secretes enzymes for digestion
digestion in Cnidarians
goes back up the mouth
oral lips
giant lips of Aurelia
planula
larva of a jelly fish
ephyra
baby medusas
marginal reefs
close to shore-few miles ex. ones in Caribbean
barrier reefs
far from shore-40-50 milesex. Great Barrier reef
atoll reefs
small islandex. bikini atollsmade from reefs that have come above water when water levels fluctuatedin south Pacific
cephalization
concentration of nerve cells in anterior end of an animal
eyespots
detect light
pharynx
tube like vacuum on ventral side that sucks up food
genital pore
opening into both systems
What neg. responses does a planarian have?
light
flame cells
ciliated collect poisonous liquid nitrogen wastes
excretory ducts
carry waste towards excretory pores in skin
ovaries
make eggs
oviducts
carry eggs away from ovaries
yolk glands
produce yolkcharacteristic of egg laying animalsyolk is food supply for embryo
vagina
passageway into female reprod. system
seminal receptacles
holds sperm from another wormstorage sack for spermchar. of invertebrates
testes
makes sperm
vas efferens
tiny tubes that carry sperm from testes
vas deferens
large tubes that carry sperm from testes
seminal vesicle
stores sperm from worm, worm where it is made
atrium
hallway" passageway to male and female reproductive system
number of eggs that planarians lay at once?
100
acoelomate
organism with no body cavity
3 acoelomate phylums
porifera-2 cell layerscoelenterata-2 cell layersplatyhelminthes-3 cell layers
Where do blood flukes live?
tropical and subtropical environments
hooks and suckers of tapeworm
attach worm to small intestine
cuticle of a tapeworm
secreted body covering for protection against host immune system
tegument
thickened cell membrane around skin cells
proglottid
contains reproductive system
uterus
sack for storing eggs
symptom of hookworms
anemialoss of RBCtired,weakbloody diarrheamakes you susceptible to other diseases
where does trichinosis occur?
skeletal musclesdiaphragmheartcan be fatal for humans
mastax
grinding organ in digestive system
degeneration
loss of systems in parasites in comparison to their free living relatives
hydrotheca
feeding polyptentacles have nematocysts
gonotheca
reprod. polypasexual budding
gonad
ovaries or testes on medusa
polyp stage of obelia
lives in bottom of oceanhow obelia spends most of its life
medusa
uses jet propulsionfree swimmingsexual stage of obelia
jet propulsion
take water in mouth and shoot put water to move
collar cells
create water current to make whirlpool to bring in food
filter feeding
when animals filter and eat planktonex. sponge
osculum
excurrent porewater goes out
ostia
incurrent porewater goes in
amoebocyte
carries food from collar cells to epidermis