arcus senilis

corneal arcus - composed of lipids deposited in the periphery of the cornea

astigmatism

an abnormal condition in which light rays cannot be focused clearly in a point on the retina because of an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens

cataract

An opacity occuring in the lens, most commonly from denaturation of lens protein caused by aging

dacryocystitis

an infection of the lacrimal sac caused by obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct

diplopia

double vision caused by defective function of the extraocular muscles or a disorder of the nerves that innervate the muscles

dyscoria

an abnormality in the shape of the pupil

ectropion

the lower lid is turned away from the eye and may result in excessive tearing because the inferior punctum is turned outward and cannot collect lacrimal gland secretions

enophthalmos

a sinking of the eyeball into the orbital cavity

entropion

the eyelid is turned inward toward the globe, the eyelashes may cuase corneal and conjunctival irritation

esotropia

(cross eyed)the inward or nasal deviation of an eye

eversion

the act of turning inside out - how to look at the conjunctiva of the upper eyelid

exophthalmos

an increase in the volume of the orbital content, causing protrusion of the eyes forward

exotropia

(wall eye)the outward or temporal deviation of an eye

field of vision

the entire expanse of space visible at a given instant without moving the eyes

floaters

one or more spots that appear to drift in front of the eye; caused by a shadow cast on the retina by vitreous debris or separation of the vitreous humor from the retina

fovea centralis

a tiny pit in the center of the macula lutea that is the area of clearest vision, permitting light to fall on the cones; it appears as an oval yellow spot on the retina and is free from blood vessels

glaucoma

an abnormal condition of elevated pressure within an eye resulting from obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor

hordeolum

(sty)generally caused by staphylococcal organisms - an acute suppurative inflammation of the follicle of an eyelash that can cause an erythematous or yellow lump

hyperopia

(farsightedness)a refractive error in which light rays entering the eye are focused behind the retina

iritis

inflammatino of the iris of the eye

lacrimation

secreation of tears

lens

biconves, transparent structure located immediately behind the iris

lid lag

the exposure of the sclera above the iris when the patient is asked to follow your finger as you direct the eye in a smooth movement from ceiling to floor

limbus

a border - the edge of the cornea bordering the sclera

myopia

(nearsightedness)a condition resulting from a refractive error in which light rays entering the eye are brought into focus in front of the retina

night blindness

pupils are slow to constrict so when light hits them, it's too bright and causes temporary blindness

nystagmus

involuntary rhythmic movements of the eyes; the oscillations may be horizontal, vertical, rotary, or mixed

palpebral

eyelid

palpebral fissure

the elliptical opening between the upper and lower eyelids

photophobia

increased sensitivity to light; the condition is prevalent in albinism and disorders of the conjunctiva and cornea

pinguecula

a small yellowish elevation situated near the inner or outer margins of the cornea

presbyopia

hyperopia and impaired near vision from loss of lens elasticity, generally develop during middle age

pterygium

an abnormal growth of conjunctiva that extends over the cornea from the limbus

ptosis

characterized by one superior eyelid covering more of the iris than the other or covering the pupil; drooping of the upper eyelid

strabismus

a condition where both eyes do not focus on an object simutaneously

OU

both eyes

OD

right eye

OS

left eye