Cognition
Mental activities involved in acquiring,storing,retrieving,and using knowledge.
mental images
mental rep. of a previously stored sensory exp., including,visual,auditory,olfactory,tactile.
Concept
Mental rep. of a group or category.
Prototype
representation of the best or most typical example of a category.
Artifical concepts
formed by logical,specific rules or characteristics.
Natural concepts
formed by experience in everyday life.
Hiearchy
when we use the middle,basic lavel concepts when first learning material.
Problem solving three stages
Preparationproductionevaluation
During preparation stage we:
Identify given facts, separate relevant from irrelevant facts, and define the ultimate goal.
During production stage we:
hypotheses
we generate hypotheses by
algorithms and heuristics
Algorithm
a set of steps that, if followed correctly, will eventually solve the equation.
heuristics
strategies, or simple rules,used in problem solving and decision making that do not guarantee a solution but offer a likely shortcut to it.