A period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that occurs mainly in early adolescence
Puberty
Hormonal changes in puberty focus on the earlier development of the___, (emotion) and the later development of the ________, (reasoning and decision making)
amygdala and prefrontal cortex
Adolescent belief that others are as preoccupied with the adolescent as he or she is, that one is unique, and that one is invincible
Egocentrism
EE's theory (stage 5) when adolescents face the challenges of finding out who they are
Identity versus identity confusion.
James Marcia's concept to describe a person's position in the development of an identity.
identity status
Jame's Marcia considers two dimensions of identity important.
Exploration and commitments
Identifying in some ways with their ethnic minority group and in other ways with the majority culture
Biculturalism
Transitional period from adolescence to adulthood
Emerging adulthood
Arnett re: emerging adulthood � Identity _________ esp in love and work
Exploration
Arnett re: emerging adulthood � Residential changes peak, change in love, work, education
Instability
Arnett re: emerging adulthood � few social obligations or duties and commitments to others
Self-focus
Arnett re: emerging adulthood � consider themselves neither adolescents nor full-fledged adults
Feeling �in-between�
Arnett re: emerging adulthood � optimism or had difficult times growing up
Age of possibilities
Describes the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.
Life expectancy
Hayflick's (1977) view that cells can divide a maximum of about 100 times a
The cellular-clock theory
Each time a cell divides, the________ that protect the ends of chromosomes become shorter and shorter
telomeres
Researchers have recently discovered that adults can/can't grow new brain cells throughout life
Can
2 areas brain cells grow throughout life:
hippocampus and the olfactory bulb
Specialization of function in one hemisphere of the brain or the other.
Lateralization
Prefrontal cortex is lateralized ____ in older adults than in younger adults when engaged in cognitive tasks
Less
Individual's accumulated information and verbal skills
Crystallized
The ability to reason abstractly
Fluid intelligence,
__________ intelligence is higher in middle adulthood compared to early adulthood
Crystallized
___________ intelligence is higher in early adulthood compared to middle adulthood
Fluid
Differences between individuals that stem from historical and social time period in which they were born & not from their ages
Cohort effects
When the speed of processing information is involved, older adults do _____ than their younger counterparts
more poorly
Older adults do not remember the _______ of life's happenings as well as younger adults
�where� and �when�
Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life
Wisdom
Stage six in early adulthood, facing the developmental task of whether to form intimate relationships with others
Intimacy versus isolation
EE's seventh stage, in middle adulthood, concern to help the younger generation in developing useful lives
Generativity versus stagnation
EE's eighth stage, occurs in late adulthood: look back and evaluate what we have done with our lives.
Integrity versus despair,
Four principles at work in successful marriages:
Nurturing fondness and admiration, Turning toward each other as friends, Giving up some power, solving conflicts together