Cells and Microscopy


What cell type has the least amount of compartmentalization?


Bacteria


What most limits the resolving power of a light microscope?


The wavelength of electromagnetic radiation (i.e, light) used to illuminate the specimen


A prokaryotic cell doesn't have


an endoplasmic reticulum


Transport across a cell membrane in which the cell must use ATP and pushes the compound against a concentration gradient.


Active Transport


This individual is credited with inventing a simple microscope taht was capable of viewing bacteria. Indeed, he is known as the father of bacteriology.


van Leewonhoek


Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing what molecule?


Proteins


Plant cells often have a large membrane-bound sac that is used for storing water and other substances. This organelle is a


Central vacuole


Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell?


Rough ER


What is capable of converting light energy to chemical energy?


Chloroplasts


What possesses a microtubular structure similar to a basal body?


Centriole


Fibers that are found in cilia and flagella, and are responsible for chromosome movement during mitosis are


Microtubules


What is not present in all eukaryotic cells?


Cell wall


The organelle that can be thought of as a "Mail Box Store" because it modifies and packages compounds for transport is the


Golgi complex


Cell-cell junctions whose function is to bind the membranes together to produce a relatively impermeable boundary.


Tight junctions


What is not bounded by organelle membranes?


Cytoskeleton


Active transport in which two substances are pumped in opposite directions is called


Antiport


On the outer surface of the plasma membrane there are marker molecules that identify the cell type, and can be recognized by the immune system. These are called


Antigens


Lipid synthesis occurs in which eukaryotic organelle?


Smooth ER


For the process of diffusion to occur, molecules must


Move from areas of high concentration to areas of lesser concentration until an equilibrium is reached


Which structure is the repository of the genetic information that directs all of the activities of the cell?


Nucleus


Microfilaments such as actin, microtubules, and the intermediate filaments form the cell-supporting structure called the


Cytoskeleton


The process often thought of as "cell eating" is


Phagocytosis


What is not a characteristic of a cell membrane?


Rigid structure


What protein classes are not found as membrane proteins?


Hormones


The chromosomal hereditary material is packaged in this organelle in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells. This organelle is


Nucleus


The function of cholesterol in the cell membrane is primarily


to strengthen the cell membrane


Assume that the saline concentration inside a cell is 1.0% and the saline concentration in the environment is 5.0% The environment is _____ to the cell interior.


Hypertonic


What is most likely to be placed on the X-axis of a graph?


Time


What is the main purpose of a simple statistic?


Describe the population


What is the main purpose of a parametric statistic?


Test a hypothesis


What is the purpose of the pores found in the nuclear envelope


They allow mRNA out of the nucleus


What is the endosymbiosis theory?


An organelle cam about by a bacteria engulfing another cell


What is the function of Mitochondria?


Aerobic cellular respiration to make ATP


What are two functions of cell walls?


StructureProtect against osmosis


What are three components of the cell theory?


Anything living is a cell or consists of cellsNothing less than a cell is livingCells give rise to new cells