Embryology


What is another name for white blood cells?


leukocytes


true or false. Red blood cells have no nucleus
True False


true


The most common white blood cell and first cell to appear at injury site


neutrophil


What percent of white blood cells is made up with neutrophils?


60-70%


What is another name for neutrophil?


polymorphonuclear luekocyte (PMN)


What are the 5 types of leukocytes?


neutrophilslymphocytesmonocyteseosinophilsbasophils


neutrophils are seen as________


pus


neutrophils are_____ ______, meaning they break things down


lysosomal enzymes


neutrophils are active in___________, they are eaters


phagocytosis


What are the second most common type of leukocyte?


lymphocytes


What percentage of all leukocytes do the lymphocytes make up?


20-25%


What are the 3 different types of lymphocytes?


NK cells (natural killer)T cellsB cells


Where do the NK cells of the lymphocytes mature?


in the bone marrow


which cells are the first line of defense against tumors or virally infected cells and just kill everything!?


NK cells


The smartest cells of lymphocytes that send chemical messages to other cells


T cells


Where do the T cells of the lymphocytes mature?


in the thymus


These cells activate and direct other immune cells


T cells


AIDS causes a decrease in which type of cell?


T cells


Where do the B cells of the lymphocytes mature?


in the bone marrow and 'bean' (lymph node)


B cells differentiate into_________cells


plasma


plasma cells produce one of 5____________ (______________)


immunoglobinsantibodies


What are the 5 immunoglobins (antibodies)


IgAIgEIgDIgGIgM


have markers from the plasma cells so that other white blood cells know what to destroy


immunoglobins (antibodies)


type of antibody that fight microorganisms in body fluids


IgA


type of antibody that can cause allergy hypersensitivity because it causes the release of histamine


IgE


2 types of antibodies that activates B cell lymphocytes


IgDIgM


type of antibody that is a major antibody and can pass immunity through the placental barrier


IgG


immunoglobins bind to certain_____________(________) to form an immune complex that disables the immunogen - why vaccination works!


immunogens (antigens)


Is there anyway to treat bacterial or viral infections that you haven't been vaccinated for?


no


type of leukocyte that is soon to be a macrophage


monocyte


Monocytes are_______in the bloodstream, and_______in the tissue


monocytesmacrophages


monocytes eat bacteria and viruses by what mechanism?


phagocytosis


monocytes are___________, meaning they break things down


lysosomal enzymes


leukocyte that are allergy induced immune responses, and eat immune complexes


eosinophil


leukocytes that become mast cells in the tissue


basophils


basophils are__________in the blood stream, and__________cells in the tissue


basophilsmast


What chemicals do basophils produce?


hisiamine and heparin


produces hisiamine and heparin


basophils


leukocyte that is an allergy response and produces hisiamine and heparin


basophil


Disorder when the body attacks itself


autoimmune