Discuss the role of histamines in allergy. Then state two anti-histamine
Triple response via H1 receptorVasodilation, flare, whealLoratidineCetrizine
Discuss the cause, signs, and treatment of multiple sclerosis
Cause: T-cell activation in brain; demylanation; destruction of BBBSigns: gondolinum enhancing lesions shown in MRITreatment: Glatiramer: increases tolerance, increases supressor cells, reduces relapseFingolimod: activates and ternalizes ___ receptor; decreases level of lymphocytesInterferon: prevent Tc activation; apoptosis; cytokine alterations
Discuss mechanism of action of Thalidomide. Side effects?
What is it: immunosuppressantInhibits B2 and B3 integrins -- Which inhibits leokocyte adhesionInhibits TNF-a
S/e: it has two isomers: S and RR is responsible for birth defects
Discuss mechanism of action of mycophenolate mofetil
What is it: immunomodulator Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenaseInhibits guanine synthesisUsed with calcineurin inhibitors
Discuss 3 kinds of biological response modifiers
ImiquimodIncreases cytokinesIncreases immune cell activityApoptosisSyntheticsAntihelminthics: coumarin and levamisol: activates macrophages; lymphodema and elephantitisIsoprinosine: synthetic purine; enhances WBC proliferation; used in AIDSMicroorganismsBacillus of Calmette-GuerinIts an attenuated virusBring local immune response against tumor