taxed all paper goods in the colonies; was the first internal tax
Stamp act
(1773) Colonists protested the tea act by dumping tea into the river; the intolerable acts followed this event
Boston Tea Party
October 1777; turning point of the Revolutionary War; 6,000 British troops surrendered. The French decided to give the US aid in the war after this battle
Battle of Saratoga
Where the British General Cornwallis surrendered to the US on October 19th 1781
Yorktown
This treaty said that:
1)Britain recognizes American independence
2)British allow fishing rights off of Canada, Newfoundland
3)U.S. allows Britain to navigate/trade on the Mississippi River
4)U.S. agrees to pay pre-war debts
5) New U.S. boundaries(north=great lakes, south-fl goes back to spain, east=atlantic ocean, west+mississippi)
Paris Peace Treaty (1783)
Author of the declaration of independence; president that authorized the louisiana purchase
Thomas Jefferson
Doubled the size of the U.S.; gained the land between the Mississippi river to the Rocky Mountains; sold for 15 million by Napoleon
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
3rd Chief Justice who presided over the case of Marbury v. Madison; established Judicial review
John Marshal
those who favored war against Britain, the war of 1812 during Madison's presidency; Congress members who pushed this were Clay and Calhoun
War Hawks
God's will that we should spread to the Pacific ocean; James K. Polk ran using this as one of his platforms
Manifest Destiny
Law that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and allowed voters there to choose whether to allow slavery
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
Most well known leader of the underground railroad
Harriet Tubman
Slave who was taken into free territory by his master and after his death, he sued for his freedom b/c he had been taken into free territory therefore, he was a free man; Supreme court ruled that he couldn't sue b/c he wasn't a citizen and that he wasn't free due to the fact he was his master's property when entering the free state.
Dred Scott
Most important general for the confederacy who previously served in the Mexican war of 1846
Robert E. Lee
General for the north who used total war and war of attrition tactics; was the eigtheenth president of the US
Ulysses S. Grant
States who didn't suceed from the Union and in return didn't apply to the Emancipation Proclamation; Dlelware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, and later West Virginia
Boarder States
Took care of freedmen after the war with food, clothing, shelter, education, and legal help
Freedman's Bureau
laws that divided the former Confederate States, except tennessee, into military zones and required them to draft new constitutions upholding the Fourteenth Amendment
Reconstruction Act of 1867
Northerners who went to the South to run their governments
Carpetbaggers
secret society created by former Confederates in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African American from obtaining their civil rights
Ku Klux Klan
Southerners who favored Radical Reconstruction and approved the Northerners
Scalawags
laws that enforced Segregation in the south and was reinforced by the supreme court under the "seperate but equal" clause
Jim Crow laws
Supreme court case that established the "separate but equal" doctrine for public facilities
Plessy v. Ferguson