A sibling of an anorexic has _____ times higher risk of developing the disease
10-20 times higher risk
How many Americans have some sort of eating disorder
7 million women1 million men
1 in _____ women suffer from Anorexia
200
Eating disorder is the _____ most commom chronic illness among adolescense
Third
95% of eating disorder victims are between the age of
12-25
What percentage of people from anorexia will prematuraly die
20%
What percentage of anorexic die within 10 years
5-10%
What percentage of anorexics will die within 20 years
18-20%
What percentage of anorexics fully recover
30%
What are the physical signs of anorexia
Amenorrhea (Lose their period)Yellow dry skin (Carotenemia)HypokalemiaHypoglycemiaCardiac arrhythimiasLow BPEdema
What is their average calorie intake
1000 calories a day
When do anorexics start exhibiting heart failure
35% of their normal body weight
What neurotransmitters are decresed
Serotonin and norepinepherine
What neurotransmitters are increased
VasopressinCortisol
What are the 4 medication typically used for medical management
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)Amitriptyline (Elavil)Imipramine (Tofranil)Tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate)
What drug is effective in helping anorexics maintain healthy body weight
Fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac)
What percentage of anorexics recover with appropriate treatment
60%
What percentage of anorexics will imporve but remain underweight
20%
What percentage of anorexics are chronically ill
20%
What percentage of anorexics will die due to cardiac complications
15%
What is multiple impulsive bulimia nervosa often associated with
Child abuse
Patients with greater then ____ below normal weight have poor prognosis
25%
What is the diagnostic criteria for bulimia
Binging 2x's/week for atleast 3 months
What chromosomes are risk factors for bulimia
10, 14 16
What are some physical signs to Bulimia Nervosa
"Chipmunk cheeks" Parotid glandElectroyte imbalance:Cardiac or kidney failureErythema on the soft palateEsophagitisGI ulcersCallused knuckle
What are the 4 medication used in the medical managment of Bulimia
Fluoxetine (Proxac)Amitriptyline (elavil)Tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate)SSRI
What percentage of bulimics overcome the disorder after therapy
50-60% in 15-20 weeks
What percentage of bulimics go on to become chronic
20%
What percentage of bulimics recover and relapse
30%
Lingual erosion appear after
3 years
What are some head and neck oral manifestations of bulimics
Enlarged parotid glandPerimylolysis (lingual or occlusal erosion)Increased cariesXerostomia
What is the ph of the stomach
1.5 to 3.5
What should you do to neutralize the acid in the mouth after vomiting
1 teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate/ 8 oz of water
Brain chemistry in anorexics has shown evidence of a disturbance in the
serotonergic function