Chapter 28 Vocab


Define Budding


Budding is an asexual process in which part of a yeast cell pinches itself off to produce a small offspring cell


Define Chitin


Chitin is a complex polysaccharide not found in bacteria, protists, or other microorganisms.


Define Coenocytic


referring to filaments without internal cross walls


Define Conidium


A spore produced during asexual reproduction in ascomycetes


Define Conidiosphore


Define Dimorphism


The existence of distinct, genetically determined forms of the same species, such as male and female forms


Define Fragmentaiton


In fungi, a form of asexual reproduction in which individual cells are released that act like spores.


Define Hypha


The Vegetative filament of a fungus


Define Mold


In fungi, a mass of tangled filaments of cells, such as the fungus that grows on bread


Define Mycology


The study of fungi


Define Mycelium


A mat of interwoven hyphae


Define Septa


A Wall dividing hyphae into cells


Define Sporangiophore


In some funi, an upright hypha that produces sporangia


Define Sporangiosphore


in fungi, a specialized hypha supporting a sporangium


Define Sporangium


a spore-brearing sac in plants, algae, and fungi


Define Yeast


unicelluar fungus whose colonies resemble those of bacteria; known as the microorganisms that make bread rise


Define Antheridium


In plants, algae, and fungi a reproductive structure that produces gametes by mitosis


Define Ascocarp


The fruiting body of an ascomycete


Define Ascogonium


a gamete-producing structure in ascomycetes


Define Ascospore


Define Ascus


A spore sac that forms on the surface of an ascocarp


Define Basidium


A specialized club-shaped reprodctive structure that forms on the gills of mushrooms


Define Basidiocarp


The fruiting body of a basidiomucete


Define Basidispore


Germinates to produce haploid mycelia that grow underground


Define Crustose


A type of lichen that grows as a layer on rocks and trees


Define Dikaryotic


Cells containing two nuclei


Define Foliose


Live on flat surfaces, where they form matlike growths with tangled bodies


Define Fruticose


shrublike lichens


Define Fungi Imperfecti


Fungi that do not have a sexual stage are placed in this group; deuteromycota.


Define Gametangium


A sexual reproductive structure that contains a nucleus of a mating type


Define Lichen


represent symbiotic relationships between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner (usually a cyanobacterium or green alga)


Define Monokaryotic


Cells that contain one nucleus


Define Mycorrhiza


A symbiotic association between a fungus adn plant roots


Define Rhizoid


The hyphae that anchor the mold to the surface of the bread and that penetrate the bread's surface


Define Stolon


Other hyphae that grow across the surface of the bread


Define Zygosporangium


Forms a thick wall and becomes dormant


Define aflatoxin


Poisions produced by some species of Aspergillus; causes liver cancer.