How do patients with restrictive lung disease typically breath?
With a rapid (tachypnea) and shallow (hypopnea) pattern.
When is clubbing of the digits most commonly seen?
In patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease, bronchogenic,
carcinoma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, and bronchiectasis
What is the commonly cited reference range for normal RAW in healthy adults?
0.5 to 2.5 cmH2O/L/sec.
On a Chest X-ray what indicates a good inspiratory effort?
A posteroanterior (PA) image, and you can see 10 ribs.
What is suggested when you see honey-comb sized cavities in the lungs?
End stage Pulmonary Fibrosis
What is indicated from an elevated ST segment?
Indicates myocardial injury.
What is the view from lead 1, aVL, V5, V6?
A lateral view
What is the most standard objective measurement of the new born�s
well being during the perinatal period?
The Apgar score.
What problems can a misplaced CVP (Central Venous Pressure) cause?
It can cause bleeding or a pneumothorax.
What is a normal reference range for a pulmonary artery diastolic
pressure (PADP)?
8-15 mm Hg
What is a common cause or PAWP to increase?
Left Ventricular failure.
What is the average cardiac output for men and women at rest?
Approximately 5/L/min
When was the first flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy technique done in
the United States?
1969, It was done in the Mayo Clinic.
How long is the standard adult bronchoscope?
About 60 cm long.
After completion of the bronchoscopy the patient is monitored closely
with their vital signs (BP, RR, Sp02, HR) and is recorded how often?
Every 5-15 minutes by the Respiratory Therapist, or by the nurse.
After the bronchoscopy procedure what criteria should be met before
being discharged?
Patient should be alert and oriented, have a gag reflex present,
sensation of the throat has returned to normal, vital signs are
stable, and no significant bleed is present.
What is the most common findings associated with sleep apnea?
Snoring
Ten seconds of apnea in the absence of thoracic-abdominal effort is
known as what?
Central sleep apnea
A malliampati score of 3 or 4 is correlated with what?
OSA Obstructive Sleep Apnea
What is Mixed Sleep Apnea?
It is a combination of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Central Sleep Apnea.