urinary system

overall function of the urinary system

removes waste, regulates pH

specific functions

1. regulate the plasma concentrations of Na, K,Cl,Ca and other ions
by controlling the quantities lost in urine
2. Regulates blood volume and blood pressure
3. Helps stabilize blood pH4. Conserves nutrients by preventing
their excretion in the urine
5. Eliminates organic waste products
6. Stimulates calcium ion absorption by the intestinal epithelium

plasma is

liquid part of the blood

urine

is a waste product

Na,K,Cl,Ca are

electrolytes

kidneys -> ureter->urinary bladder-> urethra-> out the body

everything is collected by blood and out by urine

micturation

urge of process of voiding urine
"letting it go

males have

prostate
urethra transports semen

urinary bladder

storage

the hilum

is the entry point for the renal artery and renal nervesand the
exit point for the renal vein and ureter

hilum

Each kidney has an indentation on its medial surface

kidneys

Located lateral to the vertebral column between the last thoracic and
the 3rd lumbar vertebrae on each side
o Superior surface of the left kidney is higher than that of the
righto Covered by the digestive organso
Each kidney is capped by an adrenal glando Position of the kidney in
the abdominals is maintained by:
1. Overlying peritoneum
2. contact with adjacent visceral organs
3. Supporting connective tissue

kidney->gland->endocrine->adrenal gland-> superrenal gland

-

each kidney is protected by 3 concentric layers of CT

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