What is the purpose of bicarbonate in pancreatic juice?
Neutralizes acid in the
chyme. Lubricates chyme Initiate fats digestion
To promote protein uncoiling
B. Lubricates Chyme
Treatment for constipation includes all of the following
except:
High fiber diet
High liquid diet Taking antibiotics Regular
exercise
Taking antibiotics
What is primarily absorbed in the large intestine?
Vitamins
Fibers Lipids Water and electrolytes
D. Water and electrolytes
Chymes moves from the stomach into the:
Ileum
Duodenum Colon Jejunum
Duodenum
The primary role of the large intestine is not digestion.
True False
TRUE
An essential nutrient performs a vital function in the body.
Is only in foods from
animal sources. Must be supplied by the diet Is
not in empty calorie food
Must be supplied by the diet
Which of the following is an example of a �nutrient-dense� food?
Donuts French
fries Kale salad All of the above
Kale salad
What type of gut bacteria a person carries around can affect their health.
Ture False
TRUE
The study of how a person�s genes interact with nutrients is termed
Genetic counseling
Nutritional genomics Genetic metabolomics
Nutritional nucleic acid pool
Nutritional genomics
In which organ is bile made?
Liver
Pancreas Gall bladder Stomach
Bile
Which of the following food is the most energy-dense per serving?
? cup fresh
strawberries 4 oz chocolate doughnut 8 oz fat-free
milk 3 oz baked chicken
4 oz chocolate doughnut
Which of the following food is the most nutrient-dense per serving?
Cheese nachos
Iceberg lettuce Fat-free milk Soft
margarine
Fat-free milk
Concerned about the toxic effects of added nutrients in fortified
foods and supplement, when eaten in addition to staple foods,
scientist established the __________________ category of the Dietary
RefereceIntakes (DRI).
Recommended Dietary
allowances (RDA) Adequate Intake (AI) Estimated
average requirements (EAR) Tolerable Upper Intake Levels
(UL)
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL)
Digestion of foods includes the mechanical actions of:
Chewing to allow nutrients to be absorbed into the body
through the tongue. Peristalsis waves to move the foods
down through the digestive tract. The stomach to gently
release foods into the large intestine. The small intestine
to absorb water and create a bacterial paste that forms feces.
Peristalsis waves to move the foods down through the digestive tract.
Digestion of macronutrients begins in the mouth with enzyme action on:
Starches by designated carbohydrases Proteins by
designated proteases A and b A and c
A and c
Which vitamins/minerals are enriched in most processed grain products
in the US?
Calcium, Vitamins A and D, and Iron Vitamins B1, 2,
3, folate, and Iron Vitamin B1,2,3, folate and zinc
B12, folate, zinc, copper, and Vitamin E
Vitamins B1, 2, 3, folate, and Iron
How is the RDA for almost all vitamin and mineral intakes set?
Low, to reduce the risk of toxicity High, to cover
virtually all healthy individuals Extremely high, to cover
every single person At the mean, to cover most healthy
individuals
High, to cover virtually all healthy individuals
A compound in cranberries may prevent some bacteria from clinging to
the urinary tract and help prevent UTI. This compound is an example of a:
Protein Functional food Nutraceutical
Natural food
Nutraceutical
Into what region of the intestinal tract does the stomach empty?
Ileum Cecum Jejunum Duodenum
Duodenum
Which of the following food is the most nutrient-dense per serving?
Olive oil Frech fries Grape drink
Kale
Kale
Where do both peristalsis and segmentation mostly occur?
Small intestine Mouth Stomach Gall
bladder
Small intestine
What are lacteals?
Gastric secretory cells Products of milk
digestion Intestinal lymphatic vessels Products of
colonic fermentation
Intestinal lymphatic vessels
To identify early-stage malnutrition, a health professional would use
which of the following parameters?
Laboratory tests Anthropometric data
Physical exam results Review dietary intake data
Laboratory test
Nutrition scientist measure food energy using what term?
Calories (kcal) Kilograms Grams
Units of weight
calories(kcal)
The percentage of the daily values on food packages are given in
terms of a person requiring ________________ calories each day.
2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500
2000
Which of the following nutrient is a micronutrient?
Fat Iron Water Protein
Iron
All of the following must be printed on a food label except:
Uniform serving size compared with similar products.
Potassium, folic acid, and chloride levels. Name and
address of the manufacturer or distributor. Ingredients (in
descending order by weight)
Potassium, folic acid, and chloride levels.
The purpose of the villi and microvilli in the intestinal tract is to:
Move food components through the intestinal tract to be
removed from the body. Reduce the absorbing surface of the
intestines. Trap the nutrient particles and absorb them into
the cells. Prevent nutrients from being absorbed.
Trap the nutrient particles and absorb them into the cells.
Which nutrient induces bile release?
Protein Carbohydrates Vitamins
Fats
fats
In nutrition, the word essential means:
Necessary for good health and proper functioning of the
body. An essential nutrient MUST be supplied bt the
diet. That the body CAN manufacture the nutrient from raw
materials. Compounds the body CAN make for itself.
An essential nutrient MUST be supplied bt the diet.
When we do not consume enough of a nutrient, we eventually develop
a(n) __________________.
Deficiency Allergy Dependency
Immunity
Deficiency
Which of the following people would not be covered by the DRI, based
on assumptions made by the DRI committee?
Harry, a 35-year old healthy businessman Cindy, a
21-year-old college athlete Robert, a with cystic
fibrosis Joann, a 35-year-old female vegetarian
Robert, a with cystic fibrosis
Which of the following would most likely lead to a primary nutrient deficiency?
Inadequate nutrient intake Reduced nutrient
absorption Increased nutrient excretion Increased
nutrient destruction
Inadequate nutrient intake
When the colon is not functioning properly, complications that may
arise include:
Constipation, which can best be relieved with laxatives used
on a regular basis. Diarrhea, which can be corrected by
colonic irrigation. Indigested foods from improper
combinations that cannot be digested completely. Irritable
bowel syndrome caused by stress and lack of physical activity.
Irritable bowel syndrome caused by stress and lack of physical activity
All of the following nutrients are chemically organic except:
Minerals Fat Vitamins
Carbohydrates
minerals
Which of the following substances is a nutrient that provides energy
for humans?
Alcohol Sugar Caffeine Thiamin
sugar
tudying how a persons genetics is related to their dietary intake is
related to?
Nutragenetics (nutrigenomics) Epigenetics
Nutra-symbiosis Nutritional Schematics
Nutragenetics (nutrigenomics)
What is the purpose of bicarbonate in pancreatic juice?
Initiates fat digestion To promote protein
uncoiling Neutralizes acid in chyme Lubricates
chyme
Neutralizes acid in chyme
Adding calcium to orange juice is an example of:
Enrichment Fortification Enhancement
Supplementation
Fortification
Nutrient substances found in plant foods that show biological
activity in the body are commonly known as:
Folionutrients Inorganic fibers
Phytochemicals Phyllochemicals
Phytochemicals
Which of the following terms was coined in an attempt to identify
foods that might lend protection against chronic diseases by way of
the nutrients or nonnutrients (e.g., antioxidants) they contain?
Natural foods Organic foods Basic foods
Functional foods
Functional foods
The DRI committee recommended a diet that contains _______________ %
of its calories from carbohydrate.
1--35 20-35 45-65 50-70
40--65
If a food contains per serving 20g sugar, 15g egg white, 30g cocoa
butter, which food should be listed first on the food label?
Sugar Cocoa butter Egg white Cocoa
powder
Cocoa Powder
What is the most likely cause of an ulcer?
Spicy food Stress H. pylori Fried
foods
H. Pylori