rest
connotes a condition in which the body is in a decreased state of
activity, with the consequent feeling of being refreshed.
Sleep
is a state of rest accompanied by altered conscious- ness and
relative inactivity.
Circadian rhythms
complete a full cycle every 24 hours. �Circa� in Latin means
�approximately� and �diem� is the Latin word for �day�; circadian
represents approximately 1 day
delta sleep
Stages III and IV, each representing about 10% of total sleep time,
are deep-sleep states, termed ______ or slow-wave sleep.
sleep cycle,
a person passes consecutively through the four stages of NREM sleep.
melatonin
a natural chemical produced at night that decreases wakefulness and
promotes sleep
Dyssomnias
are sleep disorders characterized by insomnia or excessive sleepiness.
Parasomnias
are patterns of waking behavior that appear during sleep.
Insomnia
is characterized by difficulty falling asleep, intermittent sleep, or
early awakening from sleep.
Hypersomnia
is a condition characterized by excessive sleep, particularly during
the day.
Narcolepsy
is a condition characterized by an uncontrol- lable desire to sleep.
Sleep apnea,
generally referred to as sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), is a
condition in which a person expe- riences the absence of breathing
(apnea) or diminished breathing efforts (hypopnea) during sleep
between snoring intervals.
restless leg syndrome (RLS)
cannot lie still and report unpleasant creeping, crawling, or
tingling sensations in the legs.
Sleep deprivation
refers to a decrease in the amount, consis- tency, or quality of sleep.
Somnambulism
or sleepwalking may range from sitting up in bed to walking around
the room or the house to walking outside the house.
Enuresis
is urinating during sleep or bedwetting. It occurs most commonly in
males who are over three years of age.
Sleep hygiene
refers to nonpharmacologic recommendations that help a per- son get a
better night�s sleep.