Name the 4 rotator cuff muscles

Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor

Name the ligaments that reinforce the shoulder joint

Glenohumeral (superior, middle and inferior)
Transverse Humeral
Coracohumeral

Extension of the shoulder joint uses which muscles?

Deltoid,
lattissimus dorsi
teres major

Abduction of the shoulder uses which muscles?

Supraspinatus for first 15 degrees
Deltoid for 15-90 degrees

Flexion of the shoulder uses which muscles?

Both heads of biceps
Pectoralis major
Deltoid
Coracobrachialis

What structure deepens and enlarges the glenoid cavity?

Glenoid Labrum

What type of joint is the shoulder joint?

Ball and socket synovial joint

Lateral rotation of the shoulder uses which muscles?

Infraspinatus
Teres Minor

Name an artery and nerve of the shoulder

Axillary and subclavian artery
Axillary, suprascapula, lateral pectoral nerve

What other muscles apart from the rotator cuff muscles help to
reinforce the shoulder joint?

Pectoralis Major (adduction and medial rotation)
Deltoids (should abductor)
Biceps Brachii

_____ are fluid filled sacs within the shoulder joint that help
absorb shock and reduce friction

Bursae

Flexion of the wrist involves which muscles?

Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Radialis
These are all forearm muscles

Extension of the wrist involves which muscles?

Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Extensor Indicis
Forearm muscles located Superior to forearm

The wrist receives blood from what?

Dorsal and palmar arches

The nerve is innervated by which nerves

Median, radial and ulnar nerves
Which are branches of the Bracial plexus

Name the four extrinsic ligaments supporting the wrist

Dorsal radiocarpal ligament (between radius and carpal bones)
Radial collateral ligament (between the radius and scaphoid/trapezium)
Palmar radiocarpal ligament (between radius and carpal bones)
Ulnar collateral ligament (between the ulna and triquetrum/pisiform

Name the four joints of the wrist

Radiocarpal
Midcarpal
Intercarpal
Carpometacarpal

The joints of the wrist are enclosed within?

a fibrous articular capsule, which is thicked by extrinsic and
intrinsic ligaments

The distal attachment for all wrist muscles is a metacarpal EXCEPT for?
Where does it attach instead?

Palmaris longus, which attaches to the palmar aponeurosis (thumb)

The superficial anterior flexors of the wrist attack proximally where?

on the medial epicondyle of the humerus

The posterior extensors of the wrist attack proximally where?

on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

The elbow joint is a

complex hinge, synovial, uniaxial joint
It consists of two articulations

What is the two articulations of the elbow joint?

The trochlear notch of the ulna and humerus
The head of the radius and capitulum of the humerus

What is the anconeus in the elbow?

a small extensor muscle behind the elbow

The rounded distal end of the humerus is divided into two joint
processes, what are they?

the trochlea on the medial side
The capitulum on the lateral side

The proximal radioulnar joint is a _______ joint, it involves ___________

pivot joint below the elbow joint
involves one articulation

The articulation of the radioulnar joint is between the _______ and
the _________.
It is held in place by?

head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna
the anular ligament, a ring like ligament that encircles the head
of the radius

Th articular capsule sorrounds what?

the distal end of the humerus
proximal end of the ulna
the head of the radius

What ligaments support the elbow joint?

Lateral collateral ligament
Medial collateral ligament
Annular ligament

Flexion movement of the elbow joint involves which muscles?

Biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis

Extension movement of the elbow joint involves which muscles?

Triceps brachii
anconeus

Pronation movement of the elbow joint involves which muscles?

Pronator quadratus
pronator teres

Supination movement of the elbow joint involves which muscles?

Supinator
biceps brachii

What blood vessels supply the elbow joint?

Brachial
Ulnar
Radial arteries

What nerves innervate the elbow?

Radial
Median
Ulnar nerves

The knee joint involves how many articulations?

3

The articulation between the femur and tibia is?

weight bearing

The 3 articulations of the knee joint are between?

The lateral condyle of the femur, lateral meniscus, and lateral
condyle of the tibia The medial condyle of the femur,
medial meniscus and medial condyle of the tibia The patella
and the patellar surface of the femur

Which structure accomodates changes in the shape of the articular
surfaces of the knee during movement?

The Fibrocartilaginous Menisci

The articulation between the patella and the femur allows the pull of
_______ to be what?

the quadriceps femoris muscle group
anteriorly over the knee to the tibial tuberosity (via the patellar
ligament) without tendon wear

What are the major ligaments of the knee?

The patellar ligament
Collateral ligaments (medial and lateral) MCL + LCL
Cruciate ligaments (anterior and posterior) ACL and PCL

What are the 4 movements permitted by the knee joint?

Extension
Flexion
Lateral rotation
Medial rotation

Extension of the knee uses what muscles?

Quadriceps femoris

Flexion of the knee uses what muscles?

Hamstrings, gracilis, sartorius and popliteus

Lateral rotation of the knee uses what muscles?

Biceps femoris

The quadriceps femoris group consists of what muscles?

Rectus femoris Vasus lateralis Vastus
medialis Vastus intermedialis

The hamstrings group consists of what muscles?

Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps
femoris

Lateral and medial rotation of the knee can only occur when the knee
is ________.
If the above doesnt happen, what will happen instead?

Flexed
Medial/lateral rotation will occur at the hip joint instead

Which blood vessels supply the knee joint?

Femoral popliteal anterior tibial
arteries

Which nerves innervate the knee joint?

Femoral Obturator Tibial(major branch of
sciatic nerve) Peroneal nerves