Science Chapter 3 Flashcards

Constellation

a group of stars that form a recognizable pattern that is named after
its form or mythological figure

Gnomon

a tool used to serve as a crude clock and calendar to aid astronomers
in judging the motion of the sun and stars

Quadrant

a tool used to take angular measurements of altitude in astronomy

Roger Bacon

an English philosopher who was one of the first to investigate the
use of lenses

Refractor Telescope

uses lenses only to magnify and image. it bends light from a star or
planet to make it appear larger and closer.

Objective Lens

gathers the light

Ocular (eyepiece) Lens

magnifies

Resolution

the ability of a telescope to bring out details in an image

Wavelength

the angular distance from one wave crest to the next wave crest

Chromatic Abberation

color distortion (a serious problem with refractors)

Compound Lenses

two or more lenses made of different kinds of glass mounted together
to correct for chromatic abberation

Reflector Telescope

replaced the refractor's light-gathering objective lens with a mirror

Newtonian Reflector

viewed from a position on the side of the telescope

Cassegrainian Reflector

its large concave mirror reflects light to a convex mirror fixed in
the center near the front of the tube

Composite Telescope

uses both mirrors and a correcting objective lens to gather light

Schmidt-Cassegrainian Telescope

uses both a lens and a mirror

When is it probably that people first studied stars and grouped them
into constellations?

before the flood

What was the gnomon called when a number dial was added to it?

a sundial

What are the three functions of a telescope?

1. light gathering
2. resolution
3. magnification

What does a refractor telescope use to accomplish these three functions?

lenses

Give to ways to reduce color distortion

1. use thin objective lenses that don't bend light
2. use compound lenses which focus colors

Radio Telescopes

a radio receiver with a large dish-shaped antenna system

Hubble Space Telescope (HST)

spans the optical and non optical categories of telescopes